Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy.

Phototropism is the growth response of plants to light direction.

Phototropism is the growth response of plants to light direction.

Dispersal is the process that allows seeds to be spread away from the parent plant, reducing competition and increasing the chances of successful germination.

Germination is the process by which seeds develop into new plants under suitable conditions.

Dormancy is the state in which seeds remain inactive until environmental conditions are suitable for germination.

Evolution is the term used to describe the process by which species change over time through genetic variation and natural selection.

Fertilization is the process where sperm and egg cells fuse to form a zygote.

Fertilization is the process where sperm and egg unite to form a zygote.

Inhalation is the process of taking air into the lungs, while exhalation is the process of breathing out.

Exhalation is the process of breathing out, where carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.

Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell merges with an egg cell to form a zygote.

The relationship between plants and pollinators is a mutualistic one, where both parties benefit from the interaction.

Ovulation is the process of releasing an egg from the ovary, typically occurring once a month.

The scientific naming system used in plant taxonomy is called binomial nomenclature.

Taxonomy is the science of classification of living organisms, including plants.

The relationship between plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is a mutualistic symbiosis.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the male anther to the female stigma, which is essential for fertilization.

Tidal volume is the amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath.

Residual volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a person exhales as much as possible.

Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute, calculated as stroke volume times heart rate.

The total lung capacity of an average adult human is approximately 4-6 liters.

The APG IV classification recognizes approximately 600 plant families.

As of now, there are approximately 30 recognized animal phyla.

The antibody concentration in serum after a secondary immune response is typically much higher than that of a primary response.

A typical human pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks from the last menstrual period.

Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes, so the typical number is 46.

A female frog can produce around 5000 eggs in a single spawning.

Monocot stems typically have numerous vascular bundles, often ranging from 10 to 20.