Biotechnology Applications: PCR, Cloning, Recombinant DNA - Case Studies
Q. In the context of gene expression, what is the role of mRNA?
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A.
To store genetic information
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B.
To transport amino acids
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C.
To carry the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes
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D.
To catalyze biochemical reactions
Solution
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.
Correct Answer: C — To carry the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes
Q. What is a common method for visualizing DNA after gel electrophoresis?
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A.
Fluorescent microscopy
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B.
Ethidium bromide staining
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C.
Western blotting
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D.
Southern blotting
Solution
Ethidium bromide staining intercalates with DNA and fluoresces under UV light, allowing visualization of DNA bands.
Correct Answer: B — Ethidium bromide staining
Q. What is recombinant DNA?
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A.
DNA that is naturally occurring
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B.
DNA that has been artificially created by combining DNA from different sources
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C.
DNA that is only found in viruses
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D.
DNA that is only found in bacteria
Solution
Recombinant DNA is formed by combining DNA from different organisms, allowing for the study and manipulation of genes.
Correct Answer: B — DNA that has been artificially created by combining DNA from different sources
Q. What is the purpose of using restriction enzymes in molecular biology?
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A.
To amplify DNA
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B.
To cut DNA at specific sequences
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C.
To synthesize RNA
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D.
To visualize proteins
Solution
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the manipulation and cloning of DNA fragments.
Correct Answer: B — To cut DNA at specific sequences
Q. Which type of mutation involves a change in a single nucleotide?
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A.
Frameshift mutation
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B.
Point mutation
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C.
Deletion mutation
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D.
Duplication mutation
Solution
A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, which can affect protein function.
Correct Answer: B — Point mutation
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