Central Dogma: Transcription & Translation - Real World Applications
Q. What is the primary purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in molecular biology?
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A.
To sequence DNA
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B.
To amplify specific DNA sequences
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C.
To splice genes
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D.
To transcribe RNA
Solution
PCR is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a particular segment of DNA.
Correct Answer: B — To amplify specific DNA sequences
Q. What type of RNA is primarily involved in the regulation of gene expression through RNA interference?
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A.
mRNA
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B.
tRNA
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C.
rRNA
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D.
siRNA
Solution
siRNA (small interfering RNA) plays a crucial role in RNA interference, regulating gene expression by degrading mRNA.
Correct Answer: D — siRNA
Q. Which of the following mutations is likely to have the most significant impact on protein function?
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A.
Silent mutation
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B.
Missense mutation
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C.
Nonsense mutation
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D.
Frameshift mutation
Solution
Frameshift mutations can alter the reading frame of the genetic code, potentially leading to completely different and nonfunctional proteins.
Correct Answer: D — Frameshift mutation
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