Respiratory System - Case Studies
Q. What is the main gas transported by hemoglobin in red blood cells?
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A.
Carbon dioxide
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B.
Oxygen
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C.
Nitrogen
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D.
Hydrogen
Solution
Hemoglobin primarily transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and helps carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
Correct Answer: B — Oxygen
Q. What is the primary muscle involved in inhalation?
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A.
Diaphragm
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B.
Intercostal muscles
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C.
Abdominal muscles
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D.
Pectoral muscles
Solution
The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in inhalation, contracting to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity and draw air into the lungs.
Correct Answer: A — Diaphragm
Q. Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the airways?
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A.
Asthma
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B.
Pneumonia
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C.
Bronchitis
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D.
Emphysema
Solution
Bronchitis is characterized by the inflammation of the airways, leading to coughing and difficulty breathing.
Correct Answer: C — Bronchitis
Q. Which of the following is a common symptom of respiratory distress?
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A.
Nausea
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B.
Shortness of breath
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C.
Headache
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D.
Fatigue
Solution
Shortness of breath is a common symptom of respiratory distress, indicating that the body is not receiving enough oxygen.
Correct Answer: B — Shortness of breath
Q. Which respiratory condition is primarily caused by smoking?
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A.
Asthma
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B.
Lung cancer
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C.
Cystic fibrosis
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D.
Tuberculosis
Solution
Lung cancer is primarily caused by smoking, which introduces carcinogens that can lead to the development of cancerous cells in lung tissue.
Correct Answer: B — Lung cancer
Q. Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
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A.
Bronchi
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B.
Alveoli
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C.
Trachea
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D.
Larynx
Solution
The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be expelled.
Correct Answer: B — Alveoli
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