Structure of DNA and RNA - Higher Difficulty Problems
Q. In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
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A.
G1 phase
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B.
S phase
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C.
G2 phase
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D.
M phase
Solution
DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.
Correct Answer: B — S phase
Q. What is the function of tRNA in the cell?
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A.
To carry genetic information
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B.
To transport amino acids to the ribosome
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C.
To synthesize RNA from DNA
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D.
To splice introns from mRNA
Solution
tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome for incorporation into proteins.
Correct Answer: B — To transport amino acids to the ribosome
Q. What is the primary function of mRNA in the cell?
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A.
To store genetic information
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B.
To catalyze biochemical reactions
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C.
To transfer amino acids during protein synthesis
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D.
To carry genetic information from DNA to ribosomes
Solution
mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Correct Answer: D — To carry genetic information from DNA to ribosomes
Q. What type of bond connects the sugar and phosphate groups in the DNA backbone?
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A.
Hydrogen bond
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B.
Ionic bond
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C.
Covalent bond
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D.
Peptide bond
Solution
Covalent bonds connect the sugar and phosphate groups in the DNA backbone, providing structural stability.
Correct Answer: C — Covalent bond
Q. Which of the following describes the structure of DNA?
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A.
Single-stranded helix
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B.
Double-stranded helix
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C.
Triple-stranded helix
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D.
Linear structure
Solution
DNA is structured as a double-stranded helix, with two strands running antiparallel.
Correct Answer: B — Double-stranded helix
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