Basics of Immune Response - Numerical Applications
Q. How many days does it typically take for a primary immune response to peak after initial exposure to an antigen?
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A.
1-2 days
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B.
3-7 days
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C.
10-14 days
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D.
21-28 days
Solution
The primary immune response usually peaks around 10-14 days after the initial exposure to an antigen.
Correct Answer: C — 10-14 days
Q. How many different classes of antibodies are there in humans?
Solution
Humans have five different classes of antibodies: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
Correct Answer: C — 5
Q. What is the half-life of IgG antibodies in the human body?
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A.
1-2 days
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B.
5-7 days
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C.
21 days
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D.
23 days
Solution
The half-life of IgG antibodies in the human body is approximately 21 days.
Correct Answer: C — 21 days
Q. What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells?
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A.
Produce antibodies
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B.
Kill infected or cancerous cells
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C.
Activate B cells
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D.
Secrete cytokines
Solution
Cytotoxic T cells are primarily responsible for killing infected or cancerous cells.
Correct Answer: B — Kill infected or cancerous cells
Q. What is the role of helper T cells in the immune response?
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A.
Directly kill infected cells
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B.
Stimulate B cells and cytotoxic T cells
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C.
Produce antibodies
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D.
Engulf pathogens
Solution
Helper T cells play a crucial role in stimulating B cells to produce antibodies and activating cytotoxic T cells.
Correct Answer: B — Stimulate B cells and cytotoxic T cells
Q. What is the typical antibody concentration in serum after a secondary immune response compared to a primary response?
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A.
Lower
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B.
Similar
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C.
Higher
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D.
No antibodies produced
Solution
The antibody concentration in serum after a secondary immune response is typically much higher than that of a primary response.
Correct Answer: C — Higher
Q. Which immunoglobulin is primarily involved in the allergic response?
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A.
IgA
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B.
IgD
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C.
IgE
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D.
IgG
Solution
IgE is the immunoglobulin primarily involved in allergic reactions and responses to parasitic infections.
Correct Answer: C — IgE
Q. Which type of immune response is characterized by the rapid production of antibodies upon re-exposure to an antigen?
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A.
Primary response
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B.
Secondary response
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C.
Tertiary response
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D.
Innate response
Solution
The secondary immune response is characterized by a rapid and robust production of antibodies upon re-exposure to an antigen.
Correct Answer: B — Secondary response
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