Sterilization and Disinfection - Case Studies
Q. In a case study, a hospital outbreak was traced back to improperly sterilized endoscopes. What is the best practice to prevent such outbreaks?
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A.
Use single-use instruments
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B.
Increase the frequency of cleaning
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C.
Implement strict sterilization protocols
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D.
Use chemical disinfectants only
Solution
Implementing strict sterilization protocols is essential to prevent outbreaks associated with reusable medical instruments.
Correct Answer: C — Implement strict sterilization protocols
Q. In a case study, a surgical instrument was found to be contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. Which sterilization method would be most effective?
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A.
Boiling water
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B.
Ethylene oxide gas
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C.
Alcohol wipes
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D.
Ultraviolet light
Solution
Ethylene oxide gas is effective for sterilizing heat-sensitive instruments and can eliminate Staphylococcus aureus.
Correct Answer: B — Ethylene oxide gas
Q. In a laboratory setting, which method is most appropriate for sterilizing heat-sensitive liquids?
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A.
Autoclaving
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B.
Filtration
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C.
Incineration
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D.
Chemical sterilization
Solution
Filtration is the most appropriate method for sterilizing heat-sensitive liquids without altering their properties.
Correct Answer: B — Filtration
Q. What is the main difference between disinfection and sterilization?
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A.
Disinfection kills all microbes; sterilization does not
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B.
Sterilization kills all microbes; disinfection reduces microbial load
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C.
Disinfection is used on inanimate objects; sterilization is not
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D.
There is no difference
Solution
Sterilization kills all microbes, while disinfection reduces the number of viable organisms but may not eliminate all.
Correct Answer: B — Sterilization kills all microbes; disinfection reduces microbial load
Q. What is the role of a biological indicator in sterilization processes?
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A.
To measure temperature
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B.
To confirm the presence of microorganisms
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C.
To verify the effectiveness of sterilization
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D.
To disinfect surfaces
Solution
Biological indicators are used to verify the effectiveness of sterilization by demonstrating that spores have been killed.
Correct Answer: C — To verify the effectiveness of sterilization
Q. Which of the following is a common chemical agent used for disinfection?
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A.
Hydrogen peroxide
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B.
Steam
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C.
Radiation
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D.
Incineration
Solution
Hydrogen peroxide is a common chemical disinfectant used to kill a wide range of microorganisms.
Correct Answer: A — Hydrogen peroxide
Q. Which of the following is a limitation of using alcohol as a disinfectant?
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A.
It is effective against all pathogens
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B.
It evaporates quickly
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C.
It requires a specific concentration for effectiveness
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D.
It is non-toxic
Solution
Alcohol requires a specific concentration (usually 60-90%) to be effective against microorganisms.
Correct Answer: C — It requires a specific concentration for effectiveness
Q. Which of the following organisms is most resistant to sterilization methods?
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A.
Escherichia coli
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B.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
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C.
Bacillus anthracis spores
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D.
HIV
Solution
Bacillus anthracis spores are highly resistant to sterilization methods, making them a significant concern in sterilization processes.
Correct Answer: C — Bacillus anthracis spores
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