Basics of Immune Response - Applications
Q. What is the function of memory B cells?
-
A.
To produce antibodies immediately
-
B.
To remember past infections
-
C.
To activate T cells
-
D.
To phagocytize pathogens
Solution
Memory B cells are responsible for remembering past infections and can quickly produce antibodies upon re-exposure to the same pathogen.
Correct Answer: B — To remember past infections
Q. What is the main purpose of a booster vaccine?
-
A.
To initiate the immune response
-
B.
To enhance the immune memory
-
C.
To provide immediate protection
-
D.
To replace the primary vaccine
Solution
Booster vaccines are given to enhance and prolong the immune memory established by the primary vaccination.
Correct Answer: B — To enhance the immune memory
Q. What is the primary function of antibodies in the immune response?
-
A.
To directly kill pathogens
-
B.
To neutralize toxins
-
C.
To enhance phagocytosis
-
D.
To activate complement system
Solution
Antibodies enhance phagocytosis by opsonization, making it easier for phagocytes to engulf pathogens.
Correct Answer: C — To enhance phagocytosis
Q. What is the role of cytokines in the immune response?
-
A.
To directly kill pathogens
-
B.
To signal and regulate immune cell activity
-
C.
To form antibodies
-
D.
To enhance phagocytosis
Solution
Cytokines are signaling molecules that regulate and coordinate the immune response by influencing the activity of immune cells.
Correct Answer: B — To signal and regulate immune cell activity
Q. What is the role of T helper cells in the immune response?
-
A.
To kill infected cells
-
B.
To produce antibodies
-
C.
To activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells
-
D.
To phagocytize pathogens
Solution
T helper cells are crucial for activating B cells and cytotoxic T cells, coordinating the adaptive immune response.
Correct Answer: C — To activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells
Q. Which immune response is primarily involved in fighting viral infections?
-
A.
Humoral immunity
-
B.
Cell-mediated immunity
-
C.
Innate immunity
-
D.
Complement system
Solution
Cell-mediated immunity, particularly through cytotoxic T cells, is crucial for targeting and eliminating virus-infected cells.
Correct Answer: B — Cell-mediated immunity
Q. Which laboratory test is commonly used to diagnose HIV infection?
-
A.
Complete blood count
-
B.
ELISA test
-
C.
PCR test
-
D.
Culture test
Solution
The ELISA test is commonly used to detect antibodies against HIV, indicating infection.
Correct Answer: B — ELISA test
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?
-
A.
Specificity to pathogens
-
B.
Memory response
-
C.
Immediate response
-
D.
Long-lasting protection
Solution
Innate immunity provides an immediate response to pathogens, unlike adaptive immunity which is specific and has memory.
Correct Answer: C — Immediate response
Q. Which type of vaccine contains live attenuated pathogens?
-
A.
Inactivated vaccine
-
B.
Subunit vaccine
-
C.
Recombinant vaccine
-
D.
Live attenuated vaccine
Solution
Live attenuated vaccines contain weakened forms of the pathogen that can still elicit an immune response without causing disease.
Correct Answer: D — Live attenuated vaccine
Showing 1 to 9 of 9 (1 Pages)
