Plant Growth and Development - Advanced Concepts
Q. What is the main function of phloem in vascular plants?
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A.
Transport water
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B.
Transport nutrients
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C.
Transport sugars
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D.
Support structure
Solution
Phloem is responsible for transporting sugars produced during photosynthesis throughout the plant.
Correct Answer: C — Transport sugars
Q. What is the primary function of cytokinins in plants?
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A.
Promote cell division
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B.
Inhibit aging
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C.
Stimulate root growth
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D.
Enhance photosynthesis
Solution
Cytokinins primarily promote cell division and growth in plants.
Correct Answer: A — Promote cell division
Q. What is the role of abscisic acid in plants?
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A.
Promotes seed germination
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B.
Inhibits growth during stress
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C.
Stimulates flowering
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D.
Enhances fruit ripening
Solution
Abscisic acid primarily functions to inhibit growth and promote stress responses in plants.
Correct Answer: B — Inhibits growth during stress
Q. What is the role of cytokinins in plant development?
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A.
Promote leaf senescence
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B.
Stimulate cell division
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C.
Inhibit root growth
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D.
Enhance photosynthesis
Solution
Cytokinins are hormones that stimulate cell division and promote shoot development.
Correct Answer: B — Stimulate cell division
Q. What is the role of the apical meristem in plant growth?
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A.
Photosynthesis
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B.
Cell division
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C.
Water absorption
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D.
Nutrient storage
Solution
The apical meristem is responsible for cell division, leading to primary growth in plants.
Correct Answer: B — Cell division
Q. What is the term for the process by which a seed develops into a new plant?
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A.
Germination
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B.
Pollination
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C.
Fertilization
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D.
Propagation
Solution
Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant.
Correct Answer: A — Germination
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of biennial plants?
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A.
Complete life cycle in one year
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B.
Live for more than two years
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C.
Require two growing seasons to complete life cycle
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D.
Only reproduce once
Solution
Biennial plants require two growing seasons to complete their life cycle, typically flowering in the second year.
Correct Answer: C — Require two growing seasons to complete life cycle
Q. Which of the following is NOT a type of plant tissue?
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A.
Meristematic
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B.
Vascular
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C.
Dermal
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D.
Epithelial
Solution
Epithelial tissue is not a type of plant tissue; it is found in animals.
Correct Answer: D — Epithelial
Q. Which phase of the plant life cycle is haploid?
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A.
Sporophyte
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B.
Gametophyte
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C.
Zygote
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D.
Seedling
Solution
The gametophyte phase is haploid, producing gametes for fertilization.
Correct Answer: B — Gametophyte
Q. Which plant structure is primarily involved in the absorption of water and nutrients?
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A.
Leaves
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B.
Stems
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C.
Roots
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D.
Flowers
Solution
Roots are primarily responsible for the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.
Correct Answer: C — Roots
Q. Which plant structure is primarily involved in the reproduction of flowering plants?
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A.
Roots
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B.
Leaves
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C.
Flowers
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D.
Stems
Solution
Flowers are the reproductive structures of flowering plants, facilitating pollination and seed production.
Correct Answer: C — Flowers
Q. Which plant structure is primarily responsible for water uptake?
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A.
Leaves
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B.
Roots
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C.
Stems
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D.
Flowers
Solution
Roots are primarily responsible for the uptake of water and nutrients from the soil.
Correct Answer: B — Roots
Q. Which plant structure is responsible for the production of pollen?
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A.
Stigma
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B.
Anther
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C.
Ovary
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D.
Style
Solution
The anther is the part of the stamen that produces pollen.
Correct Answer: B — Anther
Q. Which process describes the growth of a plant in response to light?
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A.
Phototropism
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B.
Gravitropism
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C.
Thigmotropism
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D.
Hydrotropism
Solution
Phototropism is the growth of a plant in response to light direction.
Correct Answer: A — Phototropism
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