Microorganisms and Disease - Competitive Exam Level
Q. What is the primary immune cell type involved in the response to viral infections?
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A.
B cells
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B.
T helper cells
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C.
Cytotoxic T cells
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D.
Macrophages
Solution
Cytotoxic T cells are primarily responsible for recognizing and killing virus-infected cells.
Correct Answer: C — Cytotoxic T cells
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?
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A.
Thick peptidoglycan layer
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B.
Stains purple in Gram stain
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C.
Outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides
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D.
Sensitive to penicillin
Solution
Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides, which is a key characteristic.
Correct Answer: C — Outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides
Q. Which of the following vaccines is a live attenuated vaccine?
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A.
Influenza vaccine
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B.
MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine
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C.
Hepatitis B vaccine
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D.
Tetanus toxoid vaccine
Solution
The MMR vaccine contains live attenuated viruses that stimulate an immune response without causing the disease.
Correct Answer: B — MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine
Q. Which pathogen is known to cause the disease known as 'flesh-eating disease'?
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A.
Clostridium perfringens
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B.
Streptococcus pyogenes
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C.
Vibrio cholerae
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D.
Listeria monocytogenes
Solution
Streptococcus pyogenes is associated with necrotizing fasciitis, commonly referred to as 'flesh-eating disease'.
Correct Answer: B — Streptococcus pyogenes
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