Medical Science
Q. The abdominal aorta bifurcates into which two arteries?
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A.
Femoral arteries
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B.
Iliac arteries
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C.
Renal arteries
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D.
Celiac trunk
Solution
The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the right and left iliac arteries, which supply blood to the pelvis and lower limbs.
Correct Answer: B — Iliac arteries
Q. What is the function of the pelvic floor muscles?
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A.
Support pelvic organs
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B.
Facilitate digestion
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C.
Control blood flow
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D.
Regulate breathing
Solution
The pelvic floor muscles support the pelvic organs and help maintain continence.
Correct Answer: A — Support pelvic organs
Q. What is the function of the peritoneum?
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A.
Support abdominal organs
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B.
Produce digestive enzymes
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C.
Store fat
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D.
Absorb nutrients
Solution
The peritoneum is a serous membrane that supports abdominal organs and provides a frictionless surface for movement.
Correct Answer: A — Support abdominal organs
Q. What is the main function of the kidneys?
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A.
Produce hormones
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B.
Filter blood
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C.
Digest food
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D.
Store bile
Solution
The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood, removing waste products and excess substances to form urine.
Correct Answer: B — Filter blood
Q. What is the main function of the spleen?
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A.
Production of bile
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B.
Filtration of blood
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C.
Storage of urine
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D.
Secretion of insulin
Solution
The spleen's main function is to filter blood and remove old or damaged red blood cells.
Correct Answer: B — Filtration of blood
Q. What is the primary function of the appendix?
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A.
Digest food
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B.
Store bile
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C.
Immune function
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D.
Absorb nutrients
Solution
The appendix is thought to play a role in immune function, particularly in gut flora management.
Correct Answer: C — Immune function
Q. What is the primary function of the kidneys?
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A.
Regulation of blood pressure
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B.
Production of hormones
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C.
Filtration of blood and urine formation
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D.
Digestion of food
Solution
The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood and form urine.
Correct Answer: C — Filtration of blood and urine formation
Q. What is the primary function of the large intestine?
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A.
Absorption of nutrients
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B.
Absorption of water and electrolytes
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C.
Digestion of proteins
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D.
Production of bile
Solution
The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter.
Correct Answer: B — Absorption of water and electrolytes
Q. What is the primary function of the pancreas?
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A.
Production of bile
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B.
Secretion of digestive enzymes and hormones
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C.
Filtration of blood
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D.
Storage of nutrients
Solution
The pancreas primarily functions in the secretion of digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.
Correct Answer: B — Secretion of digestive enzymes and hormones
Q. What is the primary function of the pelvic floor muscles?
-
A.
Support pelvic organs
-
B.
Facilitate digestion
-
C.
Control blood flow
-
D.
Aid in respiration
Solution
The primary function of the pelvic floor muscles is to support the pelvic organs.
Correct Answer: A — Support pelvic organs
Q. What is the primary role of the gallbladder?
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A.
Storage of bile
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B.
Production of bile
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C.
Absorption of fats
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D.
Filtration of blood
Solution
The gallbladder's primary role is to store and concentrate bile produced by the liver.
Correct Answer: A — Storage of bile
Q. What is the primary role of the large intestine?
-
A.
Digestion of proteins
-
B.
Absorption of water
-
C.
Production of bile
-
D.
Secretion of hormones
Solution
The primary role of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter.
Correct Answer: B — Absorption of water
Q. What is the role of the gallbladder?
-
A.
Storage of bile
-
B.
Production of bile
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C.
Absorption of nutrients
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D.
Filtration of blood
Solution
The gallbladder's role is to store and concentrate bile produced by the liver.
Correct Answer: A — Storage of bile
Q. Which artery supplies blood to the liver?
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A.
Celiac trunk
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B.
Renal artery
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C.
Hepatic artery
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D.
Mesenteric artery
Solution
The hepatic artery supplies oxygenated blood to the liver.
Correct Answer: C — Hepatic artery
Q. Which layer of the abdominal wall is the most superficial?
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A.
Transversalis fascia
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B.
Peritoneum
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C.
Muscle layer
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D.
Skin
Solution
The skin is the most superficial layer of the abdominal wall, providing a protective barrier.
Correct Answer: D — Skin
Q. Which of the following is a common site for hernias in the abdomen?
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A.
Inguinal canal
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B.
Thoracic cavity
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C.
Pelvic floor
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D.
Diaphragm
Solution
The inguinal canal is a common site for inguinal hernias in the abdomen.
Correct Answer: A — Inguinal canal
Q. Which of the following is a common symptom of appendicitis?
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A.
Severe headache
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B.
Right lower quadrant pain
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C.
Chest pain
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D.
Back pain
Solution
Severe pain in the right lower quadrant is a common symptom of appendicitis.
Correct Answer: B — Right lower quadrant pain
Q. Which of the following organs is located in the retroperitoneal space?
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A.
Liver
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B.
Pancreas
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C.
Stomach
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D.
Spleen
Solution
The pancreas is located in the retroperitoneal space, behind the peritoneum.
Correct Answer: B — Pancreas
Q. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the gastrointestinal tract?
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A.
Esophagus
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B.
Stomach
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C.
Pancreas
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D.
Large intestine
Solution
The pancreas is an accessory organ and is not part of the gastrointestinal tract.
Correct Answer: C — Pancreas
Q. Which organ is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen?
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A.
Appendix
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B.
Gallbladder
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C.
Spleen
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D.
Cecum
Solution
The spleen is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen.
Correct Answer: C — Spleen
Q. Which organ is primarily involved in detoxification?
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A.
Kidneys
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B.
Liver
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C.
Spleen
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D.
Pancreas
Solution
The liver is the primary organ responsible for detoxifying various metabolites and drugs.
Correct Answer: B — Liver
Q. Which organ is primarily responsible for the absorption of nutrients in the abdomen?
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A.
Liver
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B.
Stomach
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C.
Small intestine
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D.
Large intestine
Solution
The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system.
Correct Answer: C — Small intestine
Q. Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of bile?
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A.
Pancreas
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B.
Liver
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C.
Gallbladder
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D.
Spleen
Solution
The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to aid in digestion.
Correct Answer: B — Liver
Q. Which structure connects the kidney to the bladder?
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A.
Urethra
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B.
Ureter
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C.
Renal pelvis
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D.
Nephron
Solution
The ureter is the tube that connects each kidney to the bladder, allowing urine to flow from the kidneys to the bladder.
Correct Answer: B — Ureter
Q. Which structure is NOT part of the gastrointestinal tract?
-
A.
Esophagus
-
B.
Stomach
-
C.
Pancreas
-
D.
Large intestine
Solution
The pancreas is an accessory organ and is not part of the gastrointestinal tract.
Correct Answer: C — Pancreas
Q. Which structure is part of the pelvic cavity?
-
A.
Liver
-
B.
Bladder
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C.
Stomach
-
D.
Spleen
Solution
The bladder is located in the pelvic cavity.
Correct Answer: B — Bladder
Q. Which structure is responsible for the production of urine?
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A.
Ureter
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B.
Kidney
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C.
Bladder
-
D.
Urethra
Solution
The kidneys are responsible for the production of urine through the filtration of blood.
Correct Answer: B — Kidney
Q. Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
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A.
Diaphragm
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B.
Pelvic floor
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C.
Abdominal wall
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D.
Intercostal muscles
Solution
The diaphragm is the muscular structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
Correct Answer: A — Diaphragm
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