Sterilization and Disinfection - Competitive Exam Level
Q. What is the primary mechanism of action for chlorine as a disinfectant?
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A.
Protein denaturation
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B.
Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
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C.
Cell wall disruption
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D.
Oxidation of cellular components
Solution
Chlorine acts as an oxidizing agent, damaging cellular components and leading to microbial death.
Correct Answer: D — Oxidation of cellular components
Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the efficacy of disinfectants?
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A.
Concentration of the disinfectant
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B.
Contact time
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C.
Type of microorganism
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D.
Color of the disinfectant
Solution
The color of the disinfectant does not affect its efficacy; however, concentration, contact time, and type of microorganism do.
Correct Answer: D — Color of the disinfectant
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of disinfectants?
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A.
They are always safe for skin contact
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B.
They kill all microorganisms including spores
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C.
They are used on inanimate objects
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D.
They are effective in the presence of organic matter
Solution
Disinfectants are primarily used on inanimate objects to reduce or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms.
Correct Answer: C — They are used on inanimate objects
Q. Which of the following is a common indicator of sterilization effectiveness?
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A.
Bacillus cereus spores
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B.
Bacillus stearothermophilus spores
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C.
Escherichia coli
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D.
Staphylococcus aureus
Solution
Bacillus stearothermophilus spores are commonly used as biological indicators for steam sterilization.
Correct Answer: B — Bacillus stearothermophilus spores
Q. Which of the following is a method of sterilization that uses dry heat?
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A.
Autoclaving
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B.
Incineration
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C.
Pasteurization
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D.
Filtration
Solution
Incineration is a method of sterilization that uses dry heat to destroy microorganisms.
Correct Answer: B — Incineration
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