Basics of Immune Response - Competitive Exam Level
Q. What is the main function of phagocytes in the immune system?
A.To produce antibodies
B.To present antigens
C.To engulf and digest pathogens
D.To secrete cytokines
Solution
Phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils, are specialized cells that engulf and digest pathogens, playing a key role in the innate immune response.
Correct Answer: C — To engulf and digest pathogens
Q. What is the primary purpose of the complement system in immunity?
A.To produce antibodies
B.To enhance phagocytosis and lyse pathogens
C.To activate T cells
D.To stimulate B cells
Solution
The complement system enhances phagocytosis and can directly lyse pathogens, playing a significant role in the immune response.
Correct Answer: B — To enhance phagocytosis and lyse pathogens
Q. What type of immune response is primarily involved in fighting viral infections?
A.Humoral response
B.Cell-mediated response
C.Innate response
D.Inflammatory response
Solution
The cell-mediated immune response, particularly involving cytotoxic T cells, is primarily responsible for combating viral infections.
Correct Answer: B — Cell-mediated response
Q. Which cells are primarily responsible for the production of antibodies?
A.T cells
B.B cells
C.Macrophages
D.Dendritic cells
Solution
B cells are the primary cells responsible for the production of antibodies in response to antigens.
Correct Answer: B — B cells
Q. Which cytokine is known for its role in promoting the differentiation of T cells?
A.Interleukin-1
B.Interleukin-2
C.Tumor necrosis factor
D.Interferon-gamma
Solution
Interleukin-2 is crucial for the proliferation and differentiation of T cells during the immune response.
Correct Answer: B — Interleukin-2
Q. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?
A.Rapid response
B.Specificity for pathogens
C.No memory
D.Physical barriers
Solution
Innate immunity is characterized by a rapid response and lack of specificity for pathogens, unlike adaptive immunity which is specific and has memory.
