Cytokinesis results in the physical separation of the cytoplasm, leading to the formation of two daughter cells.

A Punnett square is used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a vector for gene delivery in plant biotechnology.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a vector to transfer genes into plant cells.

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps regulate sodium and potassium levels, thus influencing blood pressure.

Biopesticides are used to control pest populations in an environmentally friendly manner, reducing the reliance on chemical pesticides.

Calcium ions bind to troponin, causing a conformational change that allows myosin to bind to actin.

Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis as it captures light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Condoms are used to prevent both pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins DNA fragments together, which is crucial for creating recombinant DNA molecules.

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during replication.

Fossils provide crucial evidence of past life forms and their changes over time, helping scientists understand the process of evolution and the history of life on Earth.

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that leads to random changes in allele frequencies in a population, particularly in small populations.

GMOs are engineered to enhance resistance to pests, thereby increasing crop yield.

GMOs are designed to enhance food quality, safety, and reduce waste, thus all options are correct.

Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood sugar levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.

Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication.

Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.

Iron is essential for chlorophyll synthesis and plays a role in various enzymatic reactions.

Keystone species have a disproportionately large impact on their environment, affecting many other organisms in the ecosystem.

Mutations provide genetic variation, which is essential for evolution as it introduces new traits that may be subject to natural selection.

NADP+ acts as an electron carrier, becoming reduced to NADPH during the light-dependent reactions.

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across the synapse from one neuron to another.

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids and carry genetic information.

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration.

Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and is also involved in social bonding.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines.