Human Physiology - Chemical Coordination
Q. What hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels? (2020)
A.
Insulin
B.
Glucagon
C.
Cortisol
D.
Adrenaline
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Solution
Insulin is the hormone produced by the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
Correct Answer: A — Insulin
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Q. What hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels? (2020)
A.
Insulin
B.
Glucagon
C.
Adrenaline
D.
Cortisol
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Solution
Insulin is the hormone produced by the pancreas that lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
Correct Answer: A — Insulin
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Q. What is the effect of cortisol on the body? (2019)
A.
Increases metabolism
B.
Reduces inflammation
C.
Stimulates insulin production
D.
Increases blood pressure
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Solution
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that helps reduce inflammation and is involved in the stress response.
Correct Answer: B — Reduces inflammation
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Q. What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)? (2019)
A.
Increase calcium levels in blood
B.
Decrease calcium levels in blood
C.
Increase phosphate levels
D.
Decrease phosphate levels
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Solution
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines.
Correct Answer: A — Increase calcium levels in blood
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Q. What is the function of glucagon? (2019)
A.
Lower blood sugar
B.
Increase blood sugar
C.
Regulate metabolism
D.
Stimulate growth
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Solution
Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood sugar levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Correct Answer: B — Increase blood sugar
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Q. What is the function of parathyroid hormone? (2022)
A.
Increase calcium levels in the blood
B.
Decrease calcium levels in the blood
C.
Regulate blood sugar
D.
Stimulate growth
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Solution
Parathyroid hormone increases calcium levels in the blood by promoting the release of calcium from bones and increasing absorption in the intestines.
Correct Answer: A — Increase calcium levels in the blood
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Q. What is the function of the hormone oxytocin? (2019)
A.
Stimulate uterine contractions
B.
Regulate metabolism
C.
Control blood sugar
D.
Increase heart rate
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Solution
Oxytocin is involved in childbirth by stimulating uterine contractions and is also associated with social bonding.
Correct Answer: A — Stimulate uterine contractions
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Q. What is the primary effect of cortisol in the body? (2023)
A.
Increase blood sugar
B.
Decrease inflammation
C.
Regulate metabolism
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Cortisol has multiple effects including increasing blood sugar levels, decreasing inflammation, and regulating metabolism.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. What is the primary function of glucagon? (2023)
A.
Increase blood glucose levels
B.
Decrease blood glucose levels
C.
Stimulate protein synthesis
D.
Inhibit fat breakdown
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Solution
Glucagon is a hormone that raises blood glucose levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Correct Answer: A — Increase blood glucose levels
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Q. What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone? (2023)
A.
Increase calcium levels in blood
B.
Decrease calcium levels in blood
C.
Regulate metabolism
D.
Stimulate growth
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Solution
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines.
Correct Answer: A — Increase calcium levels in blood
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Q. What is the primary function of the hormone cortisol? (2023)
A.
Regulate metabolism
B.
Control stress response
C.
Stimulate growth
D.
Increase blood sugar
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Solution
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that helps control the body's stress response and regulates metabolism, immune response, and blood sugar levels.
Correct Answer: B — Control stress response
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Q. What is the primary function of thyroid hormones? (2022)
A.
Regulate metabolism
B.
Control blood pressure
C.
Stimulate growth
D.
Manage stress response
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Solution
Thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are crucial for regulating metabolism in the body.
Correct Answer: A — Regulate metabolism
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Q. What is the role of aldosterone in the body? (2021)
A.
Increase blood glucose
B.
Regulate sodium and potassium levels
C.
Stimulate milk production
D.
Enhance immune response
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Solution
Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps regulate sodium and potassium levels, thus influencing blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Regulate sodium and potassium levels
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Q. What is the role of glucagon in the body? (2021)
A.
Increase blood sugar levels
B.
Decrease blood sugar levels
C.
Stimulate growth
D.
Regulate metabolism
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Solution
Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood sugar levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Correct Answer: A — Increase blood sugar levels
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Q. What is the role of oxytocin in the human body? (2020)
A.
Regulates metabolism
B.
Stimulates uterine contractions
C.
Increases blood sugar
D.
Promotes water retention
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Solution
Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and is also involved in social bonding.
Correct Answer: B — Stimulates uterine contractions
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Q. Which gland is known as the 'master gland' of the endocrine system? (2021)
A.
Thyroid
B.
Pituitary
C.
Adrenal
D.
Pancreas
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Solution
The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it regulates the functions of other endocrine glands.
Correct Answer: B — Pituitary
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Q. Which hormone is involved in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood? (2023)
A.
Calcitonin
B.
Parathyroid hormone
C.
Insulin
D.
Glucagon
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Solution
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by promoting calcium release from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines.
Correct Answer: B — Parathyroid hormone
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Q. Which hormone is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle? (2021)
A.
Progesterone
B.
Testosterone
C.
Cortisol
D.
Insulin
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Solution
Progesterone is a hormone that plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy.
Correct Answer: A — Progesterone
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Q. Which hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of water balance in the body? (2022)
A.
Aldosterone
B.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C.
Cortisol
D.
Insulin
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Solution
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, plays a key role in regulating water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Correct Answer: B — Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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Q. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the fight-or-flight response? (2019)
A.
Cortisol
B.
Epinephrine
C.
Insulin
D.
Thyroxine
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Solution
Epinephrine (adrenaline) is the primary hormone responsible for the fight-or-flight response, preparing the body for quick action.
Correct Answer: B — Epinephrine
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Q. Which hormone is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response? (2023)
A.
Cortisol
B.
Adrenaline
C.
Insulin
D.
Thyroxine
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Solution
Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the hormone that prepares the body for a 'fight or flight' response during stressful situations.
Correct Answer: B — Adrenaline
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Q. Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of metabolism and energy levels? (2022)
A.
Thyroxine
B.
Insulin
C.
Testosterone
D.
Estrogen
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Solution
Thyroxine (T4) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and energy levels.
Correct Answer: A — Thyroxine
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Q. Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla? (2019)
A.
Cortisol
B.
Aldosterone
C.
Epinephrine
D.
Insulin
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Solution
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is involved in the body's fight-or-flight response.
Correct Answer: C — Epinephrine
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Q. Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels? (2023)
A.
Glucagon
B.
Insulin
C.
Somatostatin
D.
Cortisol
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Solution
Insulin is secreted by the pancreas and is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake by cells.
Correct Answer: B — Insulin
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Q. Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels? (2022)
A.
Insulin
B.
Glucagon
C.
Somatostatin
D.
Cortisol
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Solution
Insulin is secreted by the pancreas and plays a crucial role in lowering blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake by cells.
Correct Answer: A — Insulin
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Q. Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas? (2020)
A.
Insulin
B.
Thyroxine
C.
Cortisol
D.
Epinephrine
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Solution
Insulin is the hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer: A — Insulin
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Q. Which hormone regulates the sleep-wake cycle? (2022)
A.
Melatonin
B.
Serotonin
C.
Cortisol
D.
Adrenaline
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Solution
Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates the sleep-wake cycle, promoting sleep.
Correct Answer: A — Melatonin
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