Human Physiology - Locomotion & Movement
Q. What is the primary energy source for muscle contraction during short bursts of activity? (2022)
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A.
A. Fatty acids
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B.
B. Glucose
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C.
C. Creatine phosphate
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D.
D. Lactic acid
Solution
Creatine phosphate provides a rapid source of energy for muscle contraction during short bursts of activity.
Correct Answer: C — C. Creatine phosphate
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Q. What is the primary function of the Achilles tendon? (2022)
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A.
Flex the knee
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B.
Extend the foot
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C.
Stabilize the ankle
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D.
Connect calf muscles to the heel
Solution
The Achilles tendon connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, allowing for foot movement.
Correct Answer: D — Connect calf muscles to the heel
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Q. What is the primary function of the skeletal system in locomotion? (2019)
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A.
A. To produce blood cells
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B.
B. To store minerals
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C.
C. To provide a framework for muscle attachment
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D.
D. To protect internal organs
Solution
The primary function of the skeletal system in locomotion is to provide a framework for muscle attachment, enabling movement.
Correct Answer: C — C. To provide a framework for muscle attachment
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Q. What is the primary function of the skeletal system? (2021)
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A.
Movement
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B.
Protection of organs
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C.
Mineral storage
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D.
All of the above
Solution
The skeletal system serves multiple functions including movement, protection of vital organs, and mineral storage.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. What is the primary role of synovial fluid in joints? (2023)
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A.
To provide nutrients
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B.
To lubricate the joint
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C.
To absorb shock
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D.
To connect bones
Solution
Synovial fluid lubricates the joint, reducing friction and allowing for smooth movement.
Correct Answer: B — To lubricate the joint
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Q. What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction? (2022)
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A.
To provide energy
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B.
To bind to troponin
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C.
To stimulate nerve impulses
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D.
To form cross-bridges
Solution
Calcium ions bind to troponin, causing a conformational change that allows myosin to bind to actin.
Correct Answer: B — To bind to troponin
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Q. What is the role of tendons in the muscular system? (2023)
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A.
Connect muscles to bones
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B.
Connect bones to bones
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C.
Store energy
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D.
Facilitate blood flow
Solution
Tendons connect muscles to bones, allowing for the transfer of force and movement.
Correct Answer: A — Connect muscles to bones
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Q. What is the role of the synovial fluid in joints? (2022)
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A.
Provides nutrients to cartilage
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B.
Acts as a lubricant
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C.
Absorbs shock
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D.
All of the above
Solution
Synovial fluid serves multiple functions including lubrication, nutrient supply, and shock absorption in joints.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. What is the term for the ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus? (2023)
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A.
Contractility
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B.
Excitability
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C.
Extensibility
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D.
Elasticity
Solution
Excitability refers to the ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus, such as a nerve impulse.
Correct Answer: B — Excitability
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Q. What type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion? (2021)
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A.
A. Hinge joint
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B.
B. Ball-and-socket joint
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C.
C. Pivot joint
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D.
D. Saddle joint
Solution
Ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip joints, allow for the greatest range of motion.
Correct Answer: B — B. Ball-and-socket joint
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Q. What type of joint is found in the human elbow? (2020)
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A.
Hinge joint
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B.
Ball and socket joint
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C.
Pivot joint
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D.
Saddle joint
Solution
The elbow is a hinge joint, allowing movement in one plane, primarily flexion and extension.
Correct Answer: A — Hinge joint
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Q. What type of joint is found in the human shoulder? (2020)
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A.
Hinge joint
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B.
Ball and socket joint
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C.
Pivot joint
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D.
Saddle joint
Solution
The shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint, allowing for a wide range of motion.
Correct Answer: B — Ball and socket joint
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Q. What type of joint is found in the shoulder and hip? (2020)
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A.
Hinge joint
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B.
Ball and socket joint
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C.
Pivot joint
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D.
Saddle joint
Solution
The shoulder and hip joints are ball and socket joints, allowing for a wide range of motion.
Correct Answer: B — Ball and socket joint
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Q. What type of joint is the knee joint classified as? (2020)
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A.
Hinge joint
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B.
Ball and socket joint
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C.
Pivot joint
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D.
Saddle joint
Solution
The knee joint is classified as a hinge joint, allowing movement primarily in one plane.
Correct Answer: A — Hinge joint
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Q. What type of movement is primarily associated with the hip joint? (2019)
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A.
Flexion and extension
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B.
Abduction and adduction
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C.
Rotation
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D.
All of the above
Solution
The hip joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation, making it a versatile joint.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. What type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle length remains the same? (2023)
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A.
A. Isotonic contraction
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B.
B. Isometric contraction
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C.
C. Concentric contraction
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D.
D. Eccentric contraction
Solution
Isometric contraction occurs when the muscle length remains the same while tension is generated.
Correct Answer: B — B. Isometric contraction
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Q. What type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs? (2021)
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A.
Skeletal muscle
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B.
Cardiac muscle
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C.
Smooth muscle
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D.
Striated muscle
Solution
Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs, facilitating functions like digestion.
Correct Answer: C — Smooth muscle
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Q. What type of muscle is responsible for the heartbeat? (2019)
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A.
Skeletal muscle
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B.
Smooth muscle
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C.
Cardiac muscle
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D.
Striated muscle
Solution
Cardiac muscle is responsible for the involuntary contractions of the heart, leading to the heartbeat.
Correct Answer: C — Cardiac muscle
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Q. What type of muscle tissue is striated and under voluntary control? (2019)
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A.
Smooth muscle
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B.
Cardiac muscle
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C.
Skeletal muscle
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D.
All muscle types
Solution
Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, allowing for conscious movement.
Correct Answer: C — Skeletal muscle
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Q. Which muscle is primarily responsible for the extension of the leg at the knee? (2022)
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A.
Quadriceps femoris
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B.
Hamstrings
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C.
Gastrocnemius
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D.
Sartorius
Solution
The quadriceps femoris muscle is responsible for extending the leg at the knee joint.
Correct Answer: A — Quadriceps femoris
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Q. Which muscle type is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs? (2023)
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A.
Skeletal muscle
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B.
Cardiac muscle
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C.
Smooth muscle
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D.
Striated muscle
Solution
Smooth muscle is involuntary and is found in the walls of internal organs, facilitating movements such as peristalsis.
Correct Answer: C — Smooth muscle
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system? (2020)
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A.
Maintaining posture
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B.
Generating heat
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C.
Transporting oxygen
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D.
Facilitating movement
Solution
Transporting oxygen is primarily the function of the circulatory system, not the muscular system.
Correct Answer: C — Transporting oxygen
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? (2020)
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A.
Support
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B.
Movement
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C.
Blood cell production
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D.
Hormone secretion
Solution
The skeletal system does not secrete hormones; this function is primarily associated with the endocrine system.
Correct Answer: D — Hormone secretion
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Q. Which of the following is the functional unit of skeletal muscle? (2021)
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A.
Sarcomere
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B.
Myofibril
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C.
Muscle Fiber
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D.
Fascicle
Solution
The sarcomere is the basic functional unit of skeletal muscle, responsible for muscle contraction.
Correct Answer: A — Sarcomere
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Q. Which of the following is the primary muscle responsible for the movement of the arm at the shoulder joint? (2021)
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A.
Biceps Brachii
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B.
Triceps Brachii
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C.
Deltoid
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D.
Pectoralis Major
Solution
The deltoid muscle is the primary muscle responsible for the abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint.
Correct Answer: C — Deltoid
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Q. Which of the following muscles is responsible for the flexion of the forearm? (2019)
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A.
Biceps brachii
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B.
Triceps brachii
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C.
Deltoid
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D.
Pectoralis major
Solution
The biceps brachii muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbow.
Correct Answer: A — Biceps brachii
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Q. Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of red blood cells? (2019)
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A.
Liver
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B.
Spleen
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C.
Bone marrow
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D.
Thymus
Solution
Bone marrow is the primary site for the production of red blood cells in the human body.
Correct Answer: C — Bone marrow
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Q. Which of the following structures is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses to muscle fibers? (2023)
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A.
Motor neuron
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B.
Sensory neuron
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C.
Interneuron
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D.
Glial cell
Solution
Motor neurons transmit nerve impulses to muscle fibers, initiating muscle contraction.
Correct Answer: A — Motor neuron
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Q. Which of the following structures is responsible for transmitting the action potential in muscle fibers? (2023)
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A.
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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B.
B. T-tubules
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C.
C. Myofibrils
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D.
D. Endomysium
Solution
T-tubules (transverse tubules) are responsible for transmitting the action potential deep into the muscle fiber.
Correct Answer: B — B. T-tubules
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Q. Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements? (2022)
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A.
Cerebrum
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B.
Cerebellum
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C.
Brainstem
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D.
Thalamus
Solution
The cerebellum is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and maintaining balance.
Correct Answer: B — Cerebellum
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