'Survival of the fittest' is a phrase often associated with Darwinism, which emphasizes the role of natural selection in evolution.

'Survival of the fittest' is a phrase often associated with Darwinism, which emphasizes natural selection as a key mechanism of evolution.

Charles Darwin proposed the mechanism of evolution known as Natural Selection, which explains how species adapt and evolve over time based on environmental pressures.

Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation, providing the raw material for evolution.

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that leads to random changes in allele frequencies in a population, particularly in small populations.

The fossil record is significant because it provides a chronological order of species appearance, helping to trace the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

Adaptive radiation is the evolutionary process where one ancestral species diversifies into multiple species to adapt to various environments.

Speciation is the process through which new species arise from existing species due to evolutionary changes.

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise.

Mutation refers to random changes in DNA that can lead to genetic variation within a population, which is a key factor in evolution.

Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated organisms evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures.

Adaptive radiation refers to the rapid evolution of many species from a common ancestor, often in response to new environmental opportunities.

Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population, often having a more significant effect in small populations.

'Survival of the fittest' refers to the idea that those individuals best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Adaptive radiation refers to the rapid evolution of many species from a common ancestor, often in response to new environmental opportunities.

The Modern Synthesis integrates natural selection with Mendelian genetics, providing a comprehensive explanation of evolution.

Gene flow is the mechanism of evolution that involves the transfer of genetic material between populations through migration.

All of the options listed (mutation, gene flow, and sexual reproduction) are sources of genetic variation in populations.

The human appendix is considered a vestigial structure, as it has lost its original function over the course of evolution.

Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits, as seen in whales and fish, which both have streamlined bodies for swimming.

Darwin's finches are an example of divergent evolution, where different species evolved from a common ancestor and adapted to different environments.

Uniformity of traits is not a condition for natural selection; rather, variation in traits is essential for natural selection to act upon.

Environmental Stability does not lead to evolution; rather, it is the changes in the environment that drive evolutionary processes.

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck is known for proposing the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics, which suggests that traits acquired during an organism's lifetime can be passed to offspring.

Stephen Jay Gould, along with Niles Eldredge, proposed the theory of punctuated equilibrium, which suggests that species remain relatively stable for long periods and then undergo rapid changes.