Malaria is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito, which acts as a vector.

Dengue fever is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.

Urea is a waste product formed from the breakdown of proteins and is excreted in urine.

Plants are a biotic factor as they are living organisms that interact with other organisms in the ecosystem.

Fungi are decomposers that break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil.

Density-dependent factors, such as disease, have a greater effect as the population density increases.

A dihybrid cross involves two traits, and AaBb x AaBb is an example of such a cross.

Golden rice is a genetically modified organism enriched with vitamin A to combat malnutrition.

Bt corn is genetically modified to express a bacterial protein that provides resistance to certain pests.

Elephants are considered a keystone species because they play a critical role in maintaining the structure of their ecosystem.

Bees pollinating flowers is a mutualistic relationship where both species benefit from the interaction.

A rabbit is an example of a primary consumer as it feeds on plants (producers).

Color blindness is a sex-linked trait, primarily located on the X chromosome, affecting males more frequently than females.

An eagle is an example of a tertiary consumer as it feeds on secondary consumers like foxes.

The human appendix is considered a vestigial structure, as it has lost its original function over the course of evolution.

Adaptive radiation refers to the rapid evolution of diversely adapted species from a common ancestor, exemplified by the finches in the Galapagos Islands.

The cane toad is an example of an invasive species that disrupts local ecosystems.

Dog breeding is an example of artificial selection, where humans selectively breed animals for desired traits.

Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits, as seen in whales and fish, which both have streamlined bodies for swimming.

Darwin's finches are an example of divergent evolution, where different species evolved from a common ancestor and adapted to different environments.

Aquariums are an example of ex-situ conservation as they involve the conservation of species outside their natural habitats.

Starfish can reproduce through fragmentation, where a part of the organism breaks off and develops into a new individual.

Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit, such as bees pollinating flowers.

Pollination in flowering plants is a key process in sexual reproduction, involving the transfer of pollen to fertilize ovules.

Binary fission in amoeba is a form of asexual reproduction where a single organism divides into two.

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

Increased pollution is not a benefit of biodiversity; rather, biodiversity helps in reducing pollution.

Higher labor costs are not a benefit of biotechnology; in fact, biotechnology often aims to reduce labor costs through increased efficiency.

Creation of synthetic fertilizers is not a benefit of biotechnology in medicine; it is related to agricultural biotechnology.

Reduced agricultural yield is not a benefit of GMOs; in fact, they are designed to increase yield and resilience.