Carboxylic acids contain a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group.

Aldehydes contain the -CHO functional group, which is characteristic of this class of compounds.

Molecules with sp hybridization have a linear geometry due to the arrangement of two hybrid orbitals at 180 degrees.

The geometry of [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is square planar due to the presence of a d9 configuration in copper.

The boron atom in BF3 is sp2 hybridized, forming three sigma bonds with fluorine atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement.

The compound has a hydroxyl group on the second carbon of a four-carbon chain with a carboxylic acid, making it 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid.

The longest chain has four carbons with a carboxylic acid group, making it 2-Methylbutanoic acid.

The longest carbon chain has four carbons, and the bromine is on the first carbon when numbering from the end closest to the substituent.

The longest carbon chain has five carbons, and the methyl group is on the third carbon, making the IUPAC name 3-methylpentane.

The longest carbon chain containing the triple bond has 7 carbons, and the triple bond starts at carbon 3, making it 3-heptyne.

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond has 5 carbons, and the double bond starts at the first carbon, making it 1-pentene.

The compound has three carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid functional group, making it propanoic acid.

The correct IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 is ethoxyethane.

The compound is named 2-pentene because the double bond is located between the second and third carbon atoms.

The IUPAC name for CH₃-CH₂-CH(CH₃)-CH₂OH is 2-Pentanol, as the longest chain has five carbons and the hydroxyl group is on the second carbon.

C3H4 is an alkyne, specifically propyne, as it contains a triple bond.

The compound is ethyl acetate, which is an ester derived from ethanol and acetic acid.

The compound has a double bond and a carboxylic acid group, making it Butenoic acid.

C5H10 is an alkene and can be named as pentene, but without specifying the position, it is simply pentane.

The compound is a ketone with five carbon atoms. The longest carbon chain is pentane, and the ketone group is on the second carbon, making the IUPAC name 2-Pentanone.

The compound C5H10O2 is an ester, and the correct IUPAC name is ethyl butanoate, derived from butanoic acid and ethanol.

The compound C5H12 is an alkane with five carbon atoms, which is named pentane.

C6H10 can be a cyclic compound with a double bond, making it cyclohexene.

C6H12O corresponds to hexanol, which is an alcohol with six carbon atoms.

The correct IUPAC name for C6H5CH2Br is Benzyl bromide, as it consists of a benzyl group with a bromine substituent.

The longest carbon chain has four carbons (butane), and there is a methyl group on the second carbon, making it 2-Methylbutane.

The compound is a four-carbon chain with a chlorine substituent on the second carbon, making it 2-chlorobutane.

The compound is a three-carbon carboxylic acid, which is named propanoic acid according to IUPAC nomenclature.

The compound is a carboxylic acid with a four-carbon chain and a methyl group on the second carbon, hence 2-methylbutanoic acid.

The longest chain has 4 carbons, and there are three methyl groups on the second and third carbons.