Hydrogen and its Compounds
Q. What is the main product when hydrogen reacts with chlorine gas?
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A.
Hydrochloric acid
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B.
Hydrogen chloride
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C.
Chlorine gas
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D.
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
Solution
When hydrogen reacts with chlorine gas, it forms hydrochloric acid (HCl) in aqueous solution.
Correct Answer: B — Hydrogen chloride
Q. What is the pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a concentration of 0.1 M?
Solution
A 0.1 M solution of hydrochloric acid has a pH of approximately 1, indicating it is a strong acid.
Correct Answer: A — 1
Q. What is the primary oxidation state of hydrogen in most of its compounds?
Solution
Hydrogen typically exhibits a +1 oxidation state in its compounds, such as HCl and H2O.
Correct Answer: C — +1
Q. What is the primary use of hydrogen in the chemical industry?
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A.
As a refrigerant
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B.
In the production of ammonia
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C.
As a fuel for vehicles
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D.
In the synthesis of plastics
Solution
Hydrogen is primarily used in the Haber process for the production of ammonia (NH3).
Correct Answer: B — In the production of ammonia
Q. What type of bond is primarily formed between hydrogen and oxygen in water?
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A.
Ionic bond
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B.
Covalent bond
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C.
Metallic bond
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D.
Hydrogen bond
Solution
Water (H2O) is formed by covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
Correct Answer: B — Covalent bond
Q. Which of the following compounds contains hydrogen in the -1 oxidation state?
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A.
H2O
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B.
NH3
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C.
HCl
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D.
NaH
Solution
In sodium hydride (NaH), hydrogen has an oxidation state of -1.
Correct Answer: D — NaH
Q. Which of the following compounds is an example of a hydrogen halide?
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A.
H2O
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B.
HCl
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C.
NH3
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D.
CH4
Solution
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is an example of a hydrogen halide, which consists of hydrogen and a halogen.
Correct Answer: B — HCl
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of hydrogen as a reducing agent?
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A.
It can only reduce metals
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B.
It can reduce metal oxides
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C.
It cannot reduce nonmetals
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D.
It is always oxidized
Solution
Hydrogen can act as a reducing agent by reducing metal oxides to their corresponding metals.
Correct Answer: B — It can reduce metal oxides
Q. Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonding is true?
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A.
It occurs only in organic compounds
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B.
It is a strong ionic interaction
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C.
It involves hydrogen and electronegative atoms
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D.
It is the strongest type of bond
Solution
Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen.
Correct Answer: C — It involves hydrogen and electronegative atoms
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