Aromatic Compounds and Electrophilic Substitution - Real World Applications
Q. In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the electrophile?
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A.
HNO3
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B.
H2SO4
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C.
NO2+
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D.
HCl
Solution
The electrophile in the nitration of benzene is the nitronium ion (NO2+), generated from the reaction of nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
Correct Answer: C — NO2+
Q. What is the stereochemistry of the product formed when 1,2-dibromobenzene undergoes electrophilic substitution?
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A.
R
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B.
S
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C.
R/S mixture
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D.
No stereochemistry
Solution
The product does not have stereochemistry because the electrophilic substitution occurs at a position that does not create a chiral center.
Correct Answer: D — No stereochemistry
Q. Which aromatic compound is most reactive towards electrophilic substitution?
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A.
Benzene
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B.
Toluene
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C.
Nitrobenzene
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D.
Chlorobenzene
Solution
Toluene is more reactive than benzene due to the electron-donating effect of the methyl group, which stabilizes the sigma complex.
Correct Answer: B — Toluene
Q. Which of the following compounds is an example of a para-substituted aromatic compound?
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A.
Toluene
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B.
p-Dichlorobenzene
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C.
Aniline
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D.
Phenol
Solution
p-Dichlorobenzene has two chlorine substituents located at the para positions relative to each other on the benzene ring.
Correct Answer: B — p-Dichlorobenzene
Q. Which of the following is a common application of aromatic compounds in the real world?
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A.
Dyes
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B.
Pharmaceuticals
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C.
Plastics
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D.
All of the above
Solution
Aromatic compounds are widely used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics, making them versatile in various applications.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
Q. Which of the following statements about the reactivity of aromatic compounds is true?
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A.
All aromatic compounds are equally reactive
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B.
Electron-withdrawing groups increase reactivity
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C.
Electron-donating groups decrease reactivity
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D.
Reactivity depends on the substituents present
Solution
The reactivity of aromatic compounds in electrophilic substitution reactions depends on the nature of the substituents present on the ring.
Correct Answer: D — Reactivity depends on the substituents present
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