Aromatic Compounds and Electrophilic Substitution

Aromatic Compounds and Electrophilic Substitution - Higher Difficulty Problems

Q. In the nitration of benzene, what is the role of sulfuric acid?

Solution

Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in the generation of the nitronium ion (NO2+), the active electrophile in the nitration reaction.

Correct Answer: C — Catalyst

Q. What is the effect of a strong electron-donating group on the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution?

Solution

Strong electron-donating groups increase the electron density of the aromatic ring, enhancing its reactivity towards electrophiles.

Correct Answer: B — Increases the rate

Q. What is the expected product when anisole is treated with chlorosulfonic acid?

Solution

Chlorosulfonic acid introduces a sulfonyl group at the para position due to the activating effect of the methoxy group.

Correct Answer: B — p-Anisole sulfonic acid

Q. What is the IUPAC name of the compound formed when phenol undergoes bromination?

Solution

Bromination of phenol typically occurs at the ortho or para positions, with 2-bromophenol being one of the major products.

Correct Answer: B — 2-Bromophenol

Q. What is the major product of the electrophilic substitution of toluene with bromine in the presence of FeBr3?

Solution

Toluene is more reactive than benzene due to the electron-donating methyl group, leading to bromotoluene as the major product.

Correct Answer: A — Bromotoluene

Q. Which mechanism is primarily involved in the electrophilic substitution of aromatic compounds?

Solution

Electrophilic aromatic substitution primarily follows a mechanism similar to SN1, involving the formation of a carbocation intermediate.

Correct Answer: A — SN1

Q. Which of the following substituents is a deactivating group in electrophilic aromatic substitution?

Solution

The nitro group (-NO2) is a strong deactivating group due to its electron-withdrawing nature, making the aromatic ring less reactive.

Correct Answer: C — Nitro

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