Qualitative Analysis of Ions - Real World Applications
Q. In a titration to determine the concentration of chloride ions, which indicator is typically used?
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A.
Phenolphthalein
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B.
Methyl Orange
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C.
Silver Nitrate
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D.
Chromate
Solution
Chromate is used as an indicator in titrations involving chloride ions, particularly when using silver nitrate as the titrant.
Correct Answer: D — Chromate
Q. In UV-Vis spectroscopy, what does a peak in the absorbance spectrum indicate?
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A.
The presence of a specific ion
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B.
The concentration of a gas
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C.
The molecular weight of a compound
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D.
The boiling point of a solution
Solution
A peak in the absorbance spectrum indicates the presence of a specific ion or compound that absorbs light at that wavelength.
Correct Answer: A — The presence of a specific ion
Q. What is the primary purpose of using ion chromatography in environmental analysis?
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A.
To separate and quantify organic compounds
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B.
To detect heavy metals in water samples
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C.
To analyze anions and cations in aqueous solutions
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D.
To measure the pH of soil samples
Solution
Ion chromatography is specifically designed to separate and quantify ions, making it ideal for analyzing anions and cations in water samples.
Correct Answer: C — To analyze anions and cations in aqueous solutions
Q. What is the role of electrophoresis in the analysis of biological samples?
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A.
To separate ions based on their charge and size
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B.
To measure the absorbance of light
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C.
To quantify the concentration of gases
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D.
To determine the boiling point of compounds
Solution
Electrophoresis separates biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, based on their charge and size.
Correct Answer: A — To separate ions based on their charge and size
Q. What is the significance of using a buffer solution in a titration involving weak acids?
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A.
To maintain a constant temperature
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B.
To prevent precipitation of salts
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C.
To stabilize the pH during the reaction
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D.
To enhance the color change of the indicator
Solution
A buffer solution helps to stabilize the pH during the titration of weak acids, ensuring accurate results.
Correct Answer: C — To stabilize the pH during the reaction
Q. Which modern analytical instrument is best suited for detecting trace levels of pollutants in air samples?
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A.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
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B.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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C.
Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometer
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D.
Fluorescence Spectrometer
Solution
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is highly effective for detecting trace levels of volatile and semi-volatile pollutants in air samples.
Correct Answer: A — Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Q. Which of the following is a common application of FTIR spectroscopy?
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A.
Determining the concentration of salts in water
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B.
Identifying functional groups in organic compounds
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C.
Measuring the viscosity of liquids
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D.
Analyzing the particle size distribution
Solution
FTIR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify functional groups in organic compounds by analyzing their characteristic absorption bands.
Correct Answer: B — Identifying functional groups in organic compounds
Q. Which spectroscopic technique is commonly used to identify metal ions in a sample?
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A.
Infrared Spectroscopy
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B.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
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C.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
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D.
Mass Spectrometry
Solution
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is widely used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of metal ions in various samples.
Correct Answer: C — Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Q. Which technique is most effective for the qualitative analysis of anions in a sample?
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A.
Thin Layer Chromatography
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B.
Ion Chromatography
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C.
Gas Chromatography
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D.
Capillary Electrophoresis
Solution
Ion chromatography is specifically designed for the qualitative analysis of anions, allowing for effective separation and identification.
Correct Answer: B — Ion Chromatography
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