Chemical Bonding - Hybridization
Q. In which of the following compounds does the central atom exhibit sp3d2 hybridization?
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A.
SF6
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B.
XeF4
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C.
NH3
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D.
CCl4
Solution
In SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride), the sulfur atom is sp3d2 hybridized, allowing it to form six sigma bonds with fluorine atoms.
Correct Answer: A — SF6
Q. What is the geometry of a molecule with sp hybridization?
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A.
Linear
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B.
Trigonal planar
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C.
Tetrahedral
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D.
Bent
Solution
Molecules with sp hybridization have a linear geometry due to the arrangement of two hybrid orbitals at 180 degrees.
Correct Answer: A — Linear
Q. What is the hybridization of the central atom in BF3?
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A.
sp
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B.
sp2
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C.
sp3
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D.
sp3d
Solution
The boron atom in BF3 is sp2 hybridized, forming three sigma bonds with fluorine atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement.
Correct Answer: B — sp2
Q. What type of hybridization is present in the nitrogen atom of NH3?
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A.
sp
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B.
sp2
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C.
sp3
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D.
sp3d
Solution
The nitrogen atom in NH3 (ammonia) is sp3 hybridized, forming three sigma bonds with hydrogen atoms and one lone pair.
Correct Answer: C — sp3
Q. Which molecule exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal geometry?
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A.
CH4
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B.
PCl5
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C.
NH3
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D.
H2O
Solution
PCl5 has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry due to the sp3d hybridization of phosphorus, accommodating five bonding pairs.
Correct Answer: B — PCl5
Q. Which of the following compounds contains a carbon atom that is sp3 hybridized?
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A.
C2H2
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B.
C2H4
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C.
CH3OH
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D.
CO2
Solution
In CH3OH (methanol), the carbon atom is sp3 hybridized, forming four sigma bonds with three hydrogens and one hydroxyl group.
Correct Answer: C — CH3OH
Q. Which of the following molecules has sp2 hybridization?
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A.
C2H2
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B.
C2H4
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C.
CH4
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D.
C2H6
Solution
In C2H4 (ethylene), each carbon atom is sp2 hybridized, forming three sigma bonds and one pi bond, resulting in a planar structure.
Correct Answer: B — C2H4
Q. Which of the following statements about hybridization is true?
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A.
Hybrid orbitals are always degenerate.
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B.
Hybridization involves mixing of atomic orbitals.
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C.
Hybridization does not affect molecular geometry.
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D.
Hybrid orbitals are used only in covalent bonding.
Solution
Hybridization involves the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals that can form covalent bonds.
Correct Answer: B — Hybridization involves mixing of atomic orbitals.
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