Functional Groups and Nomenclature - Advanced Concepts
Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-C(=O)-OH?
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A.
3-Methylbutanoic acid
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B.
2-Methylbutanoic acid
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C.
2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid
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D.
3-Hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid
Solution
The compound is 2-methylbutanoic acid, as the carboxylic acid is on the second carbon of the butane chain.
Correct Answer: B — 2-Methylbutanoic acid
Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C5H10O2 that contains an ester functional group?
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A.
Pentanoic acid
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B.
Ethyl butanoate
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C.
Butyl acetate
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D.
2-Pentenoic acid
Solution
The compound C5H10O2 is an ester, and the correct IUPAC name is ethyl butanoate, derived from butanoic acid and ethanol.
Correct Answer: B — Ethyl butanoate
Q. What is the stereochemical configuration of 2-bromo-3-methylpentane at the chiral center?
Solution
The chiral center in 2-bromo-3-methylpentane has the highest priority groups arranged in a clockwise manner, giving it an R configuration.
Correct Answer: A — R
Q. Which functional group is present in the compound CH3CH2COOH?
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Aldehyde
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C.
Carboxylic acid
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D.
Ester
Solution
The compound CH3CH2COOH contains a carboxylic acid functional group, characterized by the -COOH group.
Correct Answer: C — Carboxylic acid
Q. Which of the following is a feature of stereoisomers?
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A.
Same molecular formula, different connectivity
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B.
Different molecular formulas
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C.
Same connectivity, different spatial arrangement
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D.
Same physical properties
Solution
Stereoisomers have the same connectivity of atoms but differ in their spatial arrangement.
Correct Answer: C — Same connectivity, different spatial arrangement
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