Atomic Structure - Quantum Model
Q. What is the electron configuration of chlorine (Cl)?
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A.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
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B.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
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C.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
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D.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
Solution
The electron configuration of chlorine (atomic number 17) is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5.
Correct Answer: A — 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
Q. What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the n=2 energy level?
Solution
The maximum number of electrons in an energy level is given by the formula 2n^2. For n=2, it is 2(2^2) = 8.
Correct Answer: C — 8
Q. What is the principal quantum number for the outermost electrons in sodium (Na)?
Solution
Sodium has an atomic number of 11, and its outermost electrons are in the n=3 energy level.
Correct Answer: C — 3
Q. What is the shape of the d orbital?
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A.
Spherical
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B.
Dumbbell
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C.
Double dumbbell
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D.
Linear
Solution
The d orbital has a double dumbbell shape.
Correct Answer: C — Double dumbbell
Q. What is the value of the azimuthal quantum number (l) for a 3d orbital?
Solution
The azimuthal quantum number (l) for a d orbital is 2.
Correct Answer: C — 2
Q. Which of the following has the smallest atomic radius?
Solution
Carbon (C) has the smallest atomic radius among the given elements due to increased nuclear charge.
Correct Answer: D — C
Q. Which of the following orbitals can hold a maximum of 6 electrons?
Solution
The p orbital can hold a maximum of 6 electrons (2 per each of the 3 p orbitals).
Correct Answer: B — p
Q. Which of the following statements about the quantum model of the atom is true?
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A.
Electrons are in fixed orbits
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B.
Electrons have defined paths
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C.
Electrons exist in probability clouds
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D.
Electrons are stationary
Solution
In the quantum model, electrons exist in probability clouds rather than fixed orbits.
Correct Answer: C — Electrons exist in probability clouds
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