Functional Groups and Nomenclature - Case Studies
Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO?
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A.
3-Methylbutanal
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B.
2-Methylbutanal
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C.
4-Methylbutanal
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D.
Pentanal
Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons with an aldehyde group, making it 2-Methylbutanal.
Correct Answer: B — 2-Methylbutanal
Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C4H8O2 that contains an ester functional group?
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A.
Butanoic acid
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B.
Ethyl acetate
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C.
Butyl acetate
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D.
Propanoic acid
Solution
The compound is ethyl acetate, which is an ester derived from ethanol and acetic acid.
Correct Answer: B — Ethyl acetate
Q. Which of the following compounds contains a phenol functional group?
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A.
C6H5OH
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B.
C6H6
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C.
C6H5COOH
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D.
C6H5NH2
Solution
C6H5OH is phenol, which contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) directly attached to a benzene ring.
Correct Answer: A — C6H5OH
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic functional group of carboxylic acids?
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A.
-COOH
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B.
-OH
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C.
-NH2
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D.
-C=O
Solution
Carboxylic acids contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) as their functional group.
Correct Answer: A — -COOH
Q. Which of the following is the correct representation of a primary amine?
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A.
R-NH2
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B.
R2-NH
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C.
R3-N
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D.
R-NO2
Solution
A primary amine has one alkyl group attached to the nitrogen atom, represented as R-NH2.
Correct Answer: A — R-NH2
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