Biomolecules
Q. What is the IUPAC name for the simplest sugar, C6H12O6?
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A.
Fructose
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B.
Glucose
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C.
Galactose
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D.
Sucrose
Solution
The simplest sugar with the formula C6H12O6 is glucose, which is a hexose monosaccharide.
Correct Answer: B — Glucose
Q. What is the main function of enzymes in biological systems?
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A.
Store energy
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B.
Speed up chemical reactions
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C.
Provide structural support
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D.
Transport molecules
Solution
Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological systems without being consumed.
Correct Answer: B — Speed up chemical reactions
Q. What is the role of phospholipids in cell membranes?
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A.
Energy storage
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B.
Genetic information storage
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C.
Structural integrity and barrier function
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D.
Catalysis of biochemical reactions
Solution
Phospholipids form the bilayer structure of cell membranes, providing structural integrity and acting as a barrier.
Correct Answer: C — Structural integrity and barrier function
Q. What type of bond connects nucleotides in a DNA strand?
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A.
Hydrogen bonds
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B.
Ionic bonds
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C.
Covalent bonds
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D.
Van der Waals forces
Solution
Nucleotides in a DNA strand are connected by covalent bonds, specifically phosphodiester bonds.
Correct Answer: C — Covalent bonds
Q. Which functional group is characteristic of alcohols?
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A.
Aldehyde
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B.
Hydroxyl
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C.
Carboxyl
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D.
Amine
Solution
The hydroxyl group (-OH) is the functional group characteristic of alcohols.
Correct Answer: B — Hydroxyl
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of saturated fatty acids?
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A.
Contain double bonds
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B.
Are liquid at room temperature
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C.
Have a higher melting point than unsaturated fatty acids
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D.
Are more reactive than unsaturated fatty acids
Solution
Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds and typically have a higher melting point than unsaturated fatty acids.
Correct Answer: C — Have a higher melting point than unsaturated fatty acids
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