Q. What is the relationship between Kp and Kc for the reaction aA(g) + bB(g) ⇌ cC(g) + dD(g)?
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A.
Kp = Kc(RT)^(d+c-b-a)
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B.
Kp = Kc(RT)^(a+b-c-d)
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C.
Kp = Kc/(RT)^(d+c-b-a)
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D.
Kp = Kc/(RT)^(a+b-c-d)
Solution
The relationship between Kp and Kc is given by Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn), where Δn = (d+c) - (a+b).
Correct Answer: A — Kp = Kc(RT)^(d+c-b-a)
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Q. What is the relationship between pKa and Ka for a weak acid?
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A.
pKa = -log(Ka)
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B.
pKa = log(Ka)
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C.
pKa = Ka
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D.
pKa = 1/Ka
Solution
The relationship is given by the equation pKa = -log(Ka), where Ka is the acid dissociation constant.
Correct Answer: A — pKa = -log(Ka)
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Q. What is the relationship between pKa and Ka for an acid?
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A.
pKa = -log(Ka)
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B.
pKa = log(Ka)
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C.
pKa = Ka
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D.
pKa = 1/Ka
Solution
The relationship is given by the formula pKa = -log(Ka), where Ka is the acid dissociation constant.
Correct Answer: A — pKa = -log(Ka)
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Q. What is the relationship between pKa and Ka?
-
A.
pKa = -log(Ka)
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B.
pKa = log(Ka)
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C.
pKa = Ka
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D.
pKa = 1/Ka
Solution
The relationship is given by pKa = -log(Ka), where Ka is the acid dissociation constant.
Correct Answer: A — pKa = -log(Ka)
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Q. What is the relationship between pressure and temperature for a fixed amount of gas at constant volume?
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A.
Directly proportional
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B.
Inversely proportional
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C.
No relationship
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D.
Exponential
Solution
Pressure and temperature are directly proportional for a fixed amount of gas at constant volume, as described by Gay-Lussac's law.
Correct Answer: A — Directly proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between pressure and temperature in Gay-Lussac's Law?
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A.
Directly proportional
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B.
Inversely proportional
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C.
No relationship
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D.
Exponential relationship
Solution
Gay-Lussac's Law states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature when volume is constant.
Correct Answer: A — Directly proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy of gas molecules?
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A.
Directly proportional
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B.
Inversely proportional
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C.
No relationship
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D.
Exponential relationship
Solution
The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature.
Correct Answer: A — Directly proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between temperature and the kinetic energy of gas molecules?
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A.
Directly proportional
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B.
Inversely proportional
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C.
No relationship
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D.
Exponential
Solution
The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
Correct Answer: A — Directly proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between temperature and the rate of a chemical reaction?
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A.
Rate decreases with temperature
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B.
Rate increases with temperature
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C.
Rate is independent of temperature
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D.
Rate is constant at all temperatures
Solution
The rate of a chemical reaction generally increases with an increase in temperature due to higher kinetic energy.
Correct Answer: B — Rate increases with temperature
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Q. What is the relationship between the density of a gas and its molar mass at constant temperature and pressure?
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A.
Density is directly proportional to molar mass
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B.
Density is inversely proportional to molar mass
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C.
Density is independent of molar mass
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D.
Density is equal to molar mass
Solution
At constant temperature and pressure, density is directly proportional to molar mass according to the ideal gas law.
Correct Answer: A — Density is directly proportional to molar mass
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Q. What is the relationship between the equilibrium constant (K) and the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for a reaction?
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A.
ΔG = -RT ln(K)
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B.
ΔG = RT ln(K)
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C.
ΔG = KRT
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D.
ΔG = K/R
Solution
The relationship is given by the equation ΔG = -RT ln(K), where R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Correct Answer: A — ΔG = -RT ln(K)
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Q. What is the relationship between the equilibrium constant (K) and the reaction quotient (Q)?
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A.
K = Q at equilibrium
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B.
K > Q at equilibrium
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C.
K < Q at equilibrium
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D.
K is independent of Q
Solution
At equilibrium, the reaction quotient Q is equal to the equilibrium constant K.
Correct Answer: A — K = Q at equilibrium
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Q. What is the relationship between the equilibrium constants Kp and Kc for a gaseous reaction?
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A.
Kp = Kc
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B.
Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn)
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C.
Kp = Kc/RT
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D.
Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn) where Δn is the change in moles of gas
Solution
The relationship between Kp and Kc is given by Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn), where Δn is the change in the number of moles of gas.
Correct Answer: B — Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn)
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Q. What is the relationship between the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) and the equilibrium constant (K)?
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A.
ΔG = -RT ln(K)
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B.
ΔG = RT ln(K)
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C.
ΔG = K - RT
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D.
ΔG = 0 at equilibrium
Solution
The relationship is given by the equation ΔG = -RT ln(K), where R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Correct Answer: A — ΔG = -RT ln(K)
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Q. What is the relationship between the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) and the equilibrium constant (K) at standard conditions?
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A.
ΔG = RT ln K
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B.
ΔG = -RT ln K
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C.
ΔG = KRT
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D.
ΔG = K/R
Solution
ΔG = -RT ln K relates Gibbs free energy change to the equilibrium constant.
Correct Answer: B — ΔG = -RT ln K
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Q. What is the relationship between the molality of a solution and its boiling point elevation?
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A.
Directly proportional
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B.
Inversely proportional
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C.
No relationship
-
D.
Exponential relationship
Solution
Boiling point elevation is directly proportional to the molality of the solution.
Correct Answer: A — Directly proportional
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Q. What is the relationship between the principal quantum number (n) and the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom?
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A.
Energy increases with increasing n
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B.
Energy decreases with increasing n
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C.
Energy is independent of n
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D.
Energy is maximum at n=1
Solution
In a hydrogen atom, the energy of an electron increases with increasing principal quantum number (n).
Correct Answer: A — Energy increases with increasing n
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Q. What is the relationship between ΔG and equilibrium constant K?
-
A.
ΔG = -RT ln K
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B.
ΔG = RT ln K
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C.
ΔG = KRT
-
D.
ΔG = K/R
Solution
The relationship is given by ΔG = -RT ln K, where R is the gas constant and T is temperature.
Correct Answer: A — ΔG = -RT ln K
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Q. What is the relationship between ΔG and the equilibrium constant (K)?
-
A.
ΔG = -RT ln(K)
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B.
ΔG = RT ln(K)
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C.
ΔG = KRT
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D.
ΔG = K - RT
Solution
The relationship is given by ΔG = -RT ln(K), where R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Correct Answer: A — ΔG = -RT ln(K)
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Q. What is the relationship between ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS at constant temperature?
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A.
ΔG = ΔH + TΔS
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B.
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
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C.
ΔG = TΔS - ΔH
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D.
ΔG = ΔH/ΔS
Solution
The relationship is given by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Correct Answer: B — ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
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Q. What is the relationship between ΔH and ΔG at equilibrium?
-
A.
ΔG = 0
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B.
ΔH = 0
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C.
ΔG = ΔH
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D.
ΔG = ΔH + TΔS
Solution
At equilibrium, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is zero.
Correct Answer: A — ΔG = 0
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Q. What is the relationship between ΔH and ΔU for a reaction at constant pressure?
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A.
ΔH = ΔU + PΔV
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B.
ΔH = ΔU - PΔV
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C.
ΔH = ΔU
-
D.
ΔH = PΔV
Solution
At constant pressure, the relationship is given by ΔH = ΔU + PΔV.
Correct Answer: A — ΔH = ΔU + PΔV
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Q. What is the role of a catalyst in a redox reaction?
-
A.
Increase oxidation
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B.
Increase reduction
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C.
Speed up the reaction
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D.
Change the products
Solution
A catalyst speeds up the reaction without being consumed in the process.
Correct Answer: C — Speed up the reaction
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Q. What is the role of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell?
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A.
To provide a pathway for electrons
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B.
To maintain charge balance
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C.
To increase voltage
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D.
To decrease resistance
Solution
The salt bridge maintains charge balance by allowing ions to flow between the two half-cells.
Correct Answer: B — To maintain charge balance
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Q. What is the role of activated charcoal in adsorption processes?
-
A.
Catalyst
-
B.
Adsorbent
-
C.
Solvent
-
D.
Reagent
Solution
Activated charcoal is commonly used as an adsorbent due to its high surface area and porosity.
Correct Answer: B — Adsorbent
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Q. What is the role of the cathode in an electrochemical cell?
-
A.
Oxidation occurs
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B.
Reduction occurs
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C.
Electrons are lost
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D.
Ions are produced
Solution
In an electrochemical cell, reduction occurs at the cathode.
Correct Answer: B — Reduction occurs
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Q. What is the shape of a molecule with the formula AX3E?
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A.
Trigonal planar
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B.
Tetrahedral
-
C.
Trigonal pyramidal
-
D.
Bent
Solution
AX3E indicates three bonding pairs and one lone pair, resulting in a trigonal pyramidal shape.
Correct Answer: C — Trigonal pyramidal
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Q. What is the shape of the ammonia (NH3) molecule?
-
A.
Linear
-
B.
Trigonal planar
-
C.
Tetrahedral
-
D.
Trigonal pyramidal
Solution
Ammonia has a trigonal pyramidal shape due to the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen atom.
Correct Answer: D — Trigonal pyramidal
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Q. What is the shape of the d orbitals?
-
A.
Spherical
-
B.
Dumbbell
-
C.
Double dumbbell
-
D.
Linear
Solution
The d orbitals have a double dumbbell shape.
Correct Answer: C — Double dumbbell
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Q. What is the shape of the molecular orbital in the case of a π bond?
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A.
Spherical
-
B.
Dumbbell
-
C.
Linear
-
D.
Planar
Solution
π bonds are formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals, resulting in a planar shape.
Correct Answer: D — Planar
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