Q. Which of the following movements aimed at the social upliftment of the marginalized sections of society in India during the 19th century? (1925)
A.Brahmo Samaj
B.Ramakrishna Mission
C.Self-Respect Movement
D.Indian National Congress
Solution
The Self-Respect Movement, founded by E.V. Ramasamy (Periyar), aimed at promoting social equality and the rights of the marginalized, particularly the lower castes, in the 19th century.
Q. Which of the following policies was introduced by the British government to suppress the Indian Rebellion of 1857?
A.The Permanent Settlement
B.The Doctrine of Lapse
C.The Indian Councils Act
D.The Rowlatt Act
Solution
The Doctrine of Lapse was a policy that allowed the British to annex any princely state if the ruler died without a male heir, which contributed to the discontent leading to the Rebellion of 1857.
Q. Which of the following social reformers is associated with the establishment of the 'Arya Samaj' that aimed at social reform and justice?
A.Raja Ram Mohan Roy
B.Swami Vivekananda
C.Dayananda Saraswati
D.Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Solution
Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875, which aimed at social reform, including the promotion of education and the eradication of caste discrimination.
Q. Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the Gupta Empire on Indian culture?
A.It marked the decline of trade and commerce.
B.It was a period of significant advancements in science, art, and literature.
C.It led to the complete dominance of Buddhism over Hinduism.
D.It resulted in the establishment of foreign rule in India.
Solution
The Gupta Empire (c. 320-550 CE) is often referred to as the Golden Age of India due to its remarkable achievements in various fields such as mathematics, astronomy, and literature, which flourished during this period.
Correct Answer: B — It was a period of significant advancements in science, art, and literature.
Q. Which of the following statements best describes the significance of the Magna Carta of 1215?
A.It established the principle of the divine right of kings.
B.It limited the powers of the king and laid the foundation for parliamentary democracy.
C.It was the first written constitution in the world.
D.It abolished feudalism in England.
Solution
The Magna Carta established the principle that everyone, including the king, was subject to the law, thus limiting the powers of the monarchy and laying the groundwork for the development of parliamentary democracy.
Correct Answer: B — It limited the powers of the king and laid the foundation for parliamentary democracy.
Q. Which of the following was a key feature of education during the Mauryan Empire?
A.Focus on military training
B.Promotion of Buddhist education
C.Establishment of schools for all castes
D.Emphasis on arts and crafts
Solution
During the Mauryan Empire, particularly under Ashoka, there was a significant promotion of Buddhist education and the establishment of monasteries as centers of learning.
Correct Answer: B — Promotion of Buddhist education
Q. Which of the following was a key feature of the public health reforms in Britain during the 19th century?
A.Introduction of the NHS
B.Establishment of the General Board of Health
C.Mandatory vaccination laws
D.Creation of private hospitals
Solution
The establishment of the General Board of Health in 1848 marked a significant step in public health reforms in Britain, focusing on sanitation and disease prevention.
Correct Answer: B — Establishment of the General Board of Health
Q. Which of the following was a major consequence of the Opium Wars in China?
A.The establishment of the Republic of China
B.The signing of the Treaty of Nanking
C.The end of the Qing Dynasty
D.The rise of communism in China
Solution
The Treaty of Nanking, signed in 1842, was a major consequence of the First Opium War, marking the beginning of the 'Century of Humiliation' for China.
Correct Answer: B — The signing of the Treaty of Nanking
Q. Which of the following was a major outcome of the 'Green Revolution' in India concerning social justice? (1960)
A.Reduction in poverty
B.Increase in agricultural productivity
C.Widening of social inequalities
D.Empowerment of women
Solution
While the Green Revolution increased agricultural productivity, it also led to widening social inequalities, as wealth became concentrated among a few landowners.
Correct Answer: C — Widening of social inequalities
Q. Which of the following was a significant contribution of the Mughal Empire to the field of medicine in India?
A.Establishment of hospitals
B.Introduction of vaccination
C.Development of Ayurveda
D.Promotion of Western medicine
Solution
The Mughal Empire (16th-18th centuries) established hospitals known as 'Darushifa' which provided medical care and promoted the practice of medicine in India.
Q. Which of the following was a significant outcome of the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War for India? (1971)
A.Increased territorial expansion
B.Strengthened relations with Pakistan
C.Creation of a new neighboring state
D.Formation of the SAARC
Solution
The 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War resulted in the creation of Bangladesh as a new neighboring state, significantly altering the geopolitical landscape of South Asia.
Correct Answer: C — Creation of a new neighboring state