Q. For a gas at a certain temperature, if the molar mass is halved, what happens to the RMS speed?
A.
Increases by a factor of 2
B.
Increases by a factor of sqrt(2)
C.
Decreases by a factor of 2
D.
Remains the same
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Solution
RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass. Halving the molar mass increases the RMS speed by a factor of sqrt(2).
Correct Answer: B — Increases by a factor of sqrt(2)
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Q. For a gas at a constant temperature, if the molar mass is halved, what happens to the RMS speed?
A.
Increases by a factor of sqrt(2)
B.
Increases by a factor of 2
C.
Decreases by a factor of 2
D.
Remains the same
Show solution
Solution
The RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass. If the molar mass is halved, the RMS speed increases by a factor of sqrt(2), which is approximately 1.414, but in terms of doubling the speed, it is considered to increase by a factor of 2.
Correct Answer: B — Increases by a factor of 2
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Q. For a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is doubled, what happens to the temperature?
A.
It remains the same
B.
It doubles
C.
It halves
D.
It triples
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Solution
According to Charles's law, for a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is doubled, the temperature also doubles.
Correct Answer: B — It doubles
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Q. For a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is halved, what happens to the temperature?
A.
It remains the same
B.
It doubles
C.
It is halved
D.
It is quartered
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Solution
According to Charles's law, for a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is halved, the temperature must also be halved.
Correct Answer: C — It is halved
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Q. For a gas mixture, how is the RMS speed calculated?
A.
Using the average molar mass of the mixture
B.
Using the molar mass of the heaviest gas
C.
Using the molar mass of the lightest gas
D.
Using the molar mass of the most abundant gas
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Solution
The RMS speed for a gas mixture is calculated using the average molar mass of the mixture.
Correct Answer: A — Using the average molar mass of the mixture
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Q. For a gas with a molar mass of 32 g/mol at 273 K, what is the RMS speed?
A.
300 m/s
B.
400 m/s
C.
500 m/s
D.
600 m/s
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Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we find v_rms = sqrt(3 * 8.314 * 273 / 0.032) = 300 m/s.
Correct Answer: A — 300 m/s
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Q. For a gas with a molar mass of 32 g/mol at a temperature of 300 K, what is the RMS speed?
A.
273 m/s
B.
400 m/s
C.
500 m/s
D.
600 m/s
Show solution
Solution
Using the formula v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M), where R = 8.314 J/(mol·K), M = 0.032 kg/mol, and T = 300 K, we find v_rms ≈ 400 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 400 m/s
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M at temperature T, what is the relationship between RMS speed and molar mass?
A.
v_rms is directly proportional to M
B.
v_rms is inversely proportional to M
C.
v_rms is independent of M
D.
v_rms is proportional to M^2
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Solution
The RMS speed is given by v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M). This shows that v_rms is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass M.
Correct Answer: B — v_rms is inversely proportional to M
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M, what is the relationship between RMS speed and molar mass?
A.
v_rms is directly proportional to M
B.
v_rms is inversely proportional to M
C.
v_rms is independent of M
D.
v_rms is proportional to M^2
Show solution
Solution
The RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass (v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M)). Thus, as molar mass increases, RMS speed decreases.
Correct Answer: B — v_rms is inversely proportional to M
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M, what is the relationship between RMS speed and molecular mass?
A.
v_rms is directly proportional to M
B.
v_rms is inversely proportional to M
C.
v_rms is independent of M
D.
v_rms is proportional to M^2
Show solution
Solution
The RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass (v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M)). Thus, as molar mass increases, RMS speed decreases.
Correct Answer: B — v_rms is inversely proportional to M
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M, what is the RMS speed at 300 K?
A.
sqrt(3RT/M)
B.
sqrt(2RT/M)
C.
RT/M
D.
3RT/M
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Solution
The RMS speed is calculated using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M). At 300 K, you can substitute R and M to find the specific value.
Correct Answer: A — sqrt(3RT/M)
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Q. For a given mass, which of the following configurations will have the smallest moment of inertia?
A.
All mass at the center
B.
Mass distributed evenly
C.
Mass at the edge
D.
Mass concentrated at one end
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Solution
The moment of inertia is smallest when all mass is concentrated at the center, as it minimizes the distance from the axis of rotation.
Correct Answer: A — All mass at the center
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Q. For a hollow sphere of mass M and radius R, what is the moment of inertia about an axis through its center?
A.
2/5 MR^2
B.
3/5 MR^2
C.
2/3 MR^2
D.
MR^2
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Solution
The moment of inertia of a hollow sphere about an axis through its center is I = 2/5 MR^2.
Correct Answer: B — 3/5 MR^2
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Q. For a monoatomic ideal gas, the RMS speed is given by which of the following expressions?
A.
sqrt((3kT)/m)
B.
sqrt((3RT)/M)
C.
Both of the above
D.
None of the above
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Solution
Both expressions are valid for calculating the RMS speed of a monoatomic ideal gas.
Correct Answer: C — Both of the above
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Q. For a point charge, the electric field varies with distance r as?
A.
1/r
B.
1/r²
C.
1/r³
D.
1/r⁴
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Solution
The electric field due to a point charge varies as E = kQ/r², where k is a constant.
Correct Answer: B — 1/r²
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Q. For a rectangular plate of mass M and dimensions a x b, what is the moment of inertia about an axis through its center and parallel to side a?
A.
1/12 Mb^2
B.
1/3 Mb^2
C.
1/4 Mb^2
D.
1/6 Mb^2
Show solution
Solution
The moment of inertia of a rectangular plate about an axis through its center parallel to side a is I = 1/12 Mb^2.
Correct Answer: A — 1/12 Mb^2
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Q. For a satellite in a circular orbit, which of the following is true about its kinetic and potential energy?
A.
K.E. = P.E.
B.
K.E. > P.E.
C.
K.E. < P.E.
D.
K.E. = 0
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Solution
For a satellite in a circular orbit, the kinetic energy is less than the potential energy, as K.E. = -1/2 P.E.
Correct Answer: C — K.E. < P.E.
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Q. For a satellite in a low Earth orbit, what is the approximate altitude range? (2000)
A.
200-2000 km
B.
500-10000 km
C.
1000-20000 km
D.
30000-40000 km
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Solution
Low Earth orbit satellites typically operate at altitudes ranging from about 200 km to 2000 km above the Earth's surface.
Correct Answer: A — 200-2000 km
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Q. For a satellite in a stable orbit, what must be true about the centripetal force and gravitational force?
A.
Centripetal force is greater than gravitational force
B.
Centripetal force is less than gravitational force
C.
Centripetal force equals gravitational force
D.
Centripetal force is independent of gravitational force
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Solution
For a satellite in a stable orbit, the centripetal force required for circular motion equals the gravitational force acting on the satellite.
Correct Answer: C — Centripetal force equals gravitational force
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Q. For a single slit of width 'a', what is the angular position of the first minimum?
A.
λ/a
B.
a/λ
C.
sin θ = λ/a
D.
tan θ = λ/a
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Solution
The angular position of the first minimum is given by sin θ = λ/a.
Correct Answer: C — sin θ = λ/a
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Q. For a solenoid of length L and n turns per unit length carrying current I, what is the magnetic field inside the solenoid?
A.
μ₀nI
B.
μ₀I/n
C.
μ₀I/L
D.
μ₀nI/L
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Solution
The magnetic field inside a solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI.
Correct Answer: A — μ₀nI
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Q. For a solenoid of length L, radius R, and carrying current I, what is the magnetic field inside the solenoid?
A.
μ₀nI
B.
μ₀I/L
C.
μ₀I/2L
D.
μ₀I/4L
Show solution
Solution
Using Ampere's Law, B = μ₀nI where n is the number of turns per unit length.
Correct Answer: A — μ₀nI
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Q. For a solid disk of mass M and radius R, what is the moment of inertia about an axis through its center and perpendicular to its plane?
A.
1/2 MR^2
B.
1/4 MR^2
C.
MR^2
D.
3/4 MR^2
Show solution
Solution
The moment of inertia of a solid disk about an axis through its center is I = 1/2 MR^2.
Correct Answer: A — 1/2 MR^2
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Q. For a solid disk of mass M and radius R, what is the moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to the disk and passing through its center?
A.
1/2 MR^2
B.
1/4 MR^2
C.
MR^2
D.
3/4 MR^2
Show solution
Solution
The moment of inertia of a solid disk about an axis through its center is I = 1/2 MR^2.
Correct Answer: A — 1/2 MR^2
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Q. For a spherical Gaussian surface of radius R enclosing a charge Q, what is the electric field at a distance 2R from the center?
A.
Q/4πε₀(2R)²
B.
Q/4πε₀R²
C.
Q/4πε₀(2R)³
D.
0
Show solution
Solution
The electric field outside a spherical charge distribution behaves as if all the charge were concentrated at the center, so E = Q/4πε₀r².
Correct Answer: A — Q/4πε₀(2R)²
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Q. For a system of particles, how is the moment of inertia calculated?
A.
Sum of individual moments
B.
Product of mass and distance squared
C.
Sum of mass times distance squared
D.
Average of all moments
Show solution
Solution
The moment of inertia for a system of particles is calculated as I = Σ(m_i * r_i^2), where m_i is the mass and r_i is the distance from the axis.
Correct Answer: C — Sum of mass times distance squared
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Q. For a system of particles, the moment of inertia is calculated as the sum of the products of mass and the square of the distance from the axis of rotation. This is known as:
A.
Parallel Axis Theorem
B.
Perpendicular Axis Theorem
C.
Rotational Dynamics
D.
Angular Momentum
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Solution
This is known as the Parallel Axis Theorem, which states that I = Σ(m_i * r_i^2).
Correct Answer: A — Parallel Axis Theorem
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Q. For a system of particles, the moment of inertia is calculated by summing which of the following?
A.
Masses only
B.
Distances only
C.
Mass times distance squared
D.
Mass times distance
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Solution
The moment of inertia is calculated by summing the products of mass and the square of the distance from the axis of rotation.
Correct Answer: C — Mass times distance squared
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Q. For a system of particles, the total moment of inertia is calculated by which of the following methods?
A.
Adding individual moments of inertia
B.
Multiplying total mass by average distance
C.
Using the parallel axis theorem
D.
Using the perpendicular axis theorem
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Solution
The total moment of inertia for a system of particles is calculated by adding the individual moments of inertia.
Correct Answer: A — Adding individual moments of inertia
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Q. For a system of particles, the total moment of inertia is calculated by which of the following?
A.
Sum of individual moments
B.
Product of mass and distance
C.
Sum of mass times distance squared
D.
Average of individual moments
Show solution
Solution
The total moment of inertia for a system of particles is the sum of each particle's moment of inertia, I_total = Σ(m_i * r_i^2).
Correct Answer: C — Sum of mass times distance squared
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