Q. A block on a frictionless surface is attached to a spring and undergoes simple harmonic motion. If the spring constant is 200 N/m and the mass is 2 kg, what is the period of oscillation?
A.0.5 s
B.1 s
C.2 s
D.4 s
Solution
The period T is given by T = 2π√(m/k). Here, T = 2π√(2/200) = 2π√(0.01) = 2π(0.1) = 0.2π ≈ 0.63 s.
Q. A forced oscillator has a mass of 3 kg and is driven by a force of 12 N at a frequency of 2 Hz. What is the amplitude of the oscillation if the damping coefficient is 0.1 kg/s?
A.0.1 m
B.0.2 m
C.0.3 m
D.0.4 m
Solution
Using F = mAω², we find A = F / (mω²) = 12 / (3*(2π*2)²) ≈ 0.2 m.
Q. A mass attached to a spring oscillates with a damping coefficient of 0.3 kg/s. If the mass is 1 kg and the spring constant is 4 N/m, what is the damping ratio?
A.0.1
B.0.3
C.0.5
D.0.75
Solution
Damping ratio (ζ) = c / (2√(mk)) = 0.3 / (2√(1*4)) = 0.3 / 4 = 0.075.
Q. A mass m is attached to a spring of spring constant k. If the mass is displaced from its equilibrium position and released, what is the time period of the oscillation?
A.2π√(m/k)
B.2π√(k/m)
C.π√(m/k)
D.π√(k/m)
Solution
The time period T of a mass-spring system in simple harmonic motion is given by T = 2π√(m/k).
Q. A mass m is attached to a spring of spring constant k. If the mass is displaced by a distance x from its equilibrium position, what is the restoring force acting on the mass?
A.kx
B.-kx
C.mg
D.-mg
Solution
The restoring force in simple harmonic motion is given by Hooke's law, which states that the force is proportional to the displacement and acts in the opposite direction. Therefore, the restoring force is -kx.
Q. A mass-spring system is subjected to a periodic force. If the amplitude of oscillation is 0.1 m and the frequency is 2 Hz, what is the maximum velocity of the mass?
Q. A mass-spring system is subjected to a periodic force. If the amplitude of the forced oscillation is 0.1 m and the damping coefficient is 0.2 kg/s, what is the maximum velocity of the oscillation?
A.0.1 m/s
B.0.2 m/s
C.0.3 m/s
D.0.4 m/s
Solution
Maximum velocity (v_max) = Aω, where ω = 2πf. Assuming f = 1 Hz, v_max = 0.1 * 2π * 1 = 0.2 m/s.
Q. A mass-spring system oscillates with a frequency of 2 Hz. If the system is damped, what is the relationship between the damped frequency and the natural frequency?
A.Damped frequency is greater
B.Damped frequency is equal
C.Damped frequency is less
D.Damped frequency is unpredictable
Solution
In a damped system, the damped frequency is always less than the natural frequency.
Q. A mass-spring system oscillates with a natural frequency of 3 Hz. If a damping force is applied, what is the new frequency of oscillation if the damping ratio is 0.1?
A.2.8 Hz
B.2.9 Hz
C.3.0 Hz
D.3.1 Hz
Solution
New frequency (ω_d) = ω_n√(1-ζ²) = 3√(1-0.1²) ≈ 2.9 Hz.