Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the complex [Ag(NH3)2]+? (2023)
A.
It is a tetrahedral complex.
B.
It is a square planar complex.
C.
It is a linear complex.
D.
It is an octahedral complex.
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Solution
[Ag(NH3)2]+ is a linear complex because silver (Ag) has a coordination number of 2 with two bidentate ligands.
Correct Answer: C — It is a linear complex.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the complex [Co(NH3)6]3+?
A.
It is tetrahedral
B.
It is octahedral
C.
It is square planar
D.
It has no unpaired electrons
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Solution
[Co(NH3)6]3+ is octahedral in geometry due to the six ligands surrounding the cobalt ion.
Correct Answer: B — It is octahedral
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the complex [Cu(NH3)4]SO4?
A.
Cu is in +1 oxidation state
B.
Cu is in +2 oxidation state
C.
NH3 is a monodentate ligand
D.
All of the above
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Solution
In [Cu(NH3)4]SO4, copper is in +2 oxidation state, NH3 is a monodentate ligand, making the statement 'All of the above' incorrect.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the data represented in the mixed graph? (2023)
A.
The data is consistent across all variables.
B.
There are outliers affecting the overall trend.
C.
The data is skewed towards higher values.
D.
All variables are equally represented.
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Solution
The presence of outliers is evident in the graph, which affects the overall trend of the data.
Correct Answer: B — There are outliers affecting the overall trend.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the Earth's magnetic field?
A.
It is uniform everywhere
B.
It has a magnetic north and south pole
C.
It is only present at the equator
D.
It does not affect compass needles
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Solution
The Earth's magnetic field has a magnetic north and south pole and affects compass needles, causing them to align with the field.
Correct Answer: B — It has a magnetic north and south pole
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the energy levels of molecular orbitals?
A.
σ orbitals are always lower in energy than π orbitals.
B.
π orbitals are always lower in energy than σ orbitals.
C.
For second period elements, σ2p is lower than π2p.
D.
Bonding orbitals are higher in energy than antibonding orbitals.
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Solution
For second period elements, σ2p is lower in energy than π2p.
Correct Answer: C — For second period elements, σ2p is lower than π2p.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the equilibrium constant (K) for a reaction?
A.
K is temperature dependent
B.
K is pressure dependent
C.
K is concentration dependent
D.
K is always equal to 1
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Solution
The equilibrium constant (K) is dependent on temperature; it changes with temperature variations.
Correct Answer: A — K is temperature dependent
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the equilibrium constant Kc?
A.
Kc is temperature dependent
B.
Kc is pressure dependent
C.
Kc is concentration dependent
D.
Kc is independent of the reaction
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Solution
The equilibrium constant Kc is dependent on temperature; changing the temperature will change the value of Kc.
Correct Answer: A — Kc is temperature dependent
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the equilibrium constant? (2020)
A.
Kc is temperature dependent
B.
Kc is pressure dependent
C.
Kc is concentration dependent
D.
Kc is independent of temperature
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Solution
The equilibrium constant Kc is dependent on temperature; changing the temperature will change the value of Kc.
Correct Answer: A — Kc is temperature dependent
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the first law of thermodynamics?
A.
It applies only to closed systems.
B.
It is a statement of conservation of energy.
C.
It can be violated under certain conditions.
D.
It only applies to mechanical systems.
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Solution
The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy, applicable to all thermodynamic systems.
Correct Answer: B — It is a statement of conservation of energy.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the Freundlich adsorption isotherm? (2020)
A.
It applies only to monolayer adsorption.
B.
It is applicable to heterogeneous surfaces.
C.
It predicts a constant adsorption capacity.
D.
It is a linear relationship.
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Solution
The Freundlich adsorption isotherm is applicable to heterogeneous surfaces and describes how adsorption varies with pressure or concentration, indicating that it is not limited to monolayer adsorption.
Correct Answer: B — It is applicable to heterogeneous surfaces.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the Freundlich adsorption isotherm? (2020) 2020
A.
It is applicable to monolayer adsorption.
B.
It assumes a uniform surface.
C.
It is a linear relationship.
D.
It describes heterogeneous adsorption.
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Solution
The Freundlich adsorption isotherm describes heterogeneous adsorption on surfaces with varying affinities, making it suitable for real-world applications.
Correct Answer: D — It describes heterogeneous adsorption.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the function f(x) = |x|?
A.
Continuous everywhere
B.
Discontinuous at x = 0
C.
Continuous only for x > 0
D.
Discontinuous for x < 0
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Solution
The function f(x) = |x| is continuous everywhere, including at x = 0.
Correct Answer: A — Continuous everywhere
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the graph of a linear equation?
A.
It can be a curve.
B.
It is always a straight line.
C.
It can have multiple slopes.
D.
It can intersect the x-axis at multiple points.
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Solution
The graph of a linear equation is always a straight line.
Correct Answer: B — It is always a straight line.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the graph of the equation y = mx + b?
A.
The graph is always a circle.
B.
The slope m indicates the steepness of the line.
C.
The y-intercept b is always negative.
D.
The graph can never be horizontal.
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Solution
In the equation y = mx + b, m represents the slope, which indicates how steep the line is.
Correct Answer: B — The slope m indicates the steepness of the line.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the inductive effect?
A.
It is a temporary effect.
B.
It operates through pi bonds.
C.
It is stronger than the mesomeric effect.
D.
It decreases with distance.
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Solution
The inductive effect decreases with distance from the electronegative atom or group.
Correct Answer: D — It decreases with distance.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the Langmuir adsorption isotherm?
A.
It assumes a monolayer adsorption.
B.
It applies to multilayer adsorption.
C.
It is temperature independent.
D.
It is only applicable to gases.
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Solution
The Langmuir adsorption isotherm assumes that adsorption occurs in a monolayer on a surface with a finite number of identical sites.
Correct Answer: A — It assumes a monolayer adsorption.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the magnetic field due to a solenoid? (2023)
A.
It is uniform inside and zero outside
B.
It is zero inside and uniform outside
C.
It is uniform both inside and outside
D.
It varies linearly with distance
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Solution
A solenoid produces a uniform magnetic field inside and negligible field outside when it is long compared to its diameter.
Correct Answer: A — It is uniform inside and zero outside
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the magnetic field inside a long solenoid? (2023)
A.
It is zero
B.
It is uniform and parallel to the axis
C.
It varies with distance from the center
D.
It is stronger at the ends
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Solution
Inside a long solenoid, the magnetic field is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid, provided the solenoid is long enough.
Correct Answer: B — It is uniform and parallel to the axis
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the mean free path of gas molecules?
A.
It increases with increasing temperature.
B.
It decreases with increasing pressure.
C.
It is independent of the size of the gas molecules.
D.
It is constant for all gases.
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Solution
The mean free path decreases with increasing pressure because more molecules are present in a given volume, leading to more frequent collisions.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases with increasing pressure.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the mesomeric effect?
A.
It can only be observed in aliphatic compounds.
B.
It involves the movement of sigma electrons.
C.
It is responsible for the stability of resonance structures.
D.
It is a short-range effect.
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Solution
The mesomeric effect is responsible for the stability of resonance structures due to the delocalization of pi electrons.
Correct Answer: C — It is responsible for the stability of resonance structures.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecular orbital configuration of O2?
A.
It has 2 unpaired electrons
B.
It has 4 unpaired electrons
C.
It is diamagnetic
D.
It has a bond order of 3
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Solution
O2 has 2 unpaired electrons in its molecular orbital configuration, making it paramagnetic.
Correct Answer: A — It has 2 unpaired electrons
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecular orbital theory?
A.
It only applies to diatomic molecules.
B.
It explains the magnetic properties of molecules.
C.
It does not consider electron spin.
D.
It is less accurate than valence bond theory.
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Solution
Molecular orbital theory explains the magnetic properties of molecules, such as paramagnetism in O2.
Correct Answer: B — It explains the magnetic properties of molecules.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the moment of inertia?
A.
It depends on the mass distribution
B.
It is always constant
C.
It is independent of the axis of rotation
D.
It is only relevant for rigid bodies
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Solution
The moment of inertia depends on the mass distribution relative to the axis of rotation.
Correct Answer: A — It depends on the mass distribution
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the photoelectric effect?
A.
Electrons are emitted only if the light is of high intensity
B.
Electrons are emitted regardless of the frequency of light
C.
There is a threshold frequency below which no electrons are emitted
D.
The photoelectric effect can occur with any type of electromagnetic radiation
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Solution
The photoelectric effect requires a minimum threshold frequency; below this frequency, no electrons are emitted regardless of the intensity of the light.
Correct Answer: C — There is a threshold frequency below which no electrons are emitted
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the points (2, 3), (4, 5), and (6, 7)?
A.
They are collinear
B.
They form a triangle
C.
They are equidistant
D.
They lie on different lines
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Solution
The slope between any two pairs of these points is the same (1), indicating they are collinear.
Correct Answer: A — They are collinear
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the rate of a reaction?
A.
It increases with increasing temperature
B.
It decreases with increasing concentration
C.
It is constant for all reactions
D.
It is independent of the nature of reactants
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Solution
The rate of a reaction generally increases with increasing temperature.
Correct Answer: A — It increases with increasing temperature
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the rate of reaction?
A.
It is always constant
B.
It decreases with time for a reactant
C.
It increases with time for a product
D.
Both B and C
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Solution
The rate of reaction decreases with time for a reactant and increases with time for a product.
Correct Answer: D — Both B and C
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the second law of thermodynamics?
A.
It allows for the conversion of heat into work with 100% efficiency
B.
It states that energy can be created from nothing
C.
It introduces the concept of entropy
D.
It applies only to mechanical systems
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Solution
The second law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of entropy, stating that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.
Correct Answer: C — It introduces the concept of entropy
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the uncertainty principle? (2023)
A.
It applies only to macroscopic objects
B.
It states that position and momentum cannot be known simultaneously
C.
It is only applicable in classical mechanics
D.
It has no practical implications
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Solution
The uncertainty principle states that position and momentum cannot be precisely known at the same time.
Correct Answer: B — It states that position and momentum cannot be known simultaneously
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