The concept of the Social Contract is most closely associated with Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who argued that legitimate political authority relies on a contract between the governed and the government.

Social Darwinism misapplied Darwin's theories of natural selection to justify imperialism, suggesting that stronger nations had the right to dominate weaker ones.

Social Darwinism was often used to justify colonial expansion by suggesting that stronger nations had the right to dominate weaker ones.

The concept of 'Social Justice' in the Indian Constitution aims to eliminate economic inequality, caste discrimination, and gender disparity, ensuring equality for all citizens.

Sovereignty refers to the absolute authority of a state over its territory and population, indicating that the state has the ultimate power to govern itself without external interference.

The Treaty of Westphalia (1648) is often credited with shaping the modern concept of sovereignty and the principles of territorial integrity.

The State Legislature in India is influenced by the British Parliamentary System, which emphasizes a bicameral legislature.

'Survival of the fittest' is a phrase often associated with Darwinism, which emphasizes the role of natural selection in evolution.

'Survival of the fittest' is a phrase often associated with Darwinism, which emphasizes natural selection as a key mechanism of evolution.

'Survival of the fittest' is a phrase often associated with Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, emphasizing that those best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

The Brundtland Report of 1987 introduced the concept of 'Sustainable Development', emphasizing the need to meet present needs without compromising future generations.

Sustainable Development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, balancing economic, social, and environmental factors.

The 'Arthashastra' by Kautilya discusses various aspects of statecraft, including sustainable economic practices and resource management.

The Brundtland Report, published in 1987, popularized the concept of 'Sustainable Development', emphasizing the need for conservation while meeting the needs of the present without compromising future generations.

The Brundtland Report, published in 1987, introduced the concept of sustainable development, emphasizing the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection.

Swaraj, as articulated by Gandhi, refers to self-rule and self-governance, emphasizing the need for Indians to govern themselves.

'Swaraj', meaning self-rule, was popularized by Mahatma Gandhi as a central theme of the Indian independence movement.

The Irish Home Rule Movement had a profound influence on the Indian National Congress and the concept of 'Swaraj', as Indian leaders drew parallels between their struggle for self-governance and that of the Irish.

Total war during World War II involved the complete mobilization of resources and people, blurring the lines between civilian and military targets.

The Constitution of India enshrines the principles of a Welfare State, aiming for inclusive growth through social justice and equality.

Absolute zero is defined as the temperature at which molecular motion ceases, corresponding to 0 Kelvin.

Absolute zero refers to the lowest possible temperature, at which gas molecules theoretically stop moving, making both A and B correct.

The concept of an ideal gas is based on the assumptions that molecules have no volume, do not attract or repel each other, and that collisions are perfectly elastic.

Mean free path is defined as the average distance traveled by a gas molecule between successive collisions.

The lines are parallel if h^2 = ab.

For the lines to be coincident, the discriminant must be equal to zero.

For the lines to be coincident, the discriminant of the quadratic must be zero.

For the lines to be coincident, the discriminant of the quadratic must equal zero.

The Constitution of India was adopted on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950.

Centroid = ((x1+x2+x3)/3, (y1+y2+y3)/3) = (9/3, 6/3) = (3, 2).