Q. For the equilibrium reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), what happens if the volume of the container is decreased?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Increase in temperature
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Solution
Decreasing the volume increases the pressure, which shifts the equilibrium to the side with fewer moles of gas, favoring the production of NH3.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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Q. For the equilibrium reaction: 2NO2(g) ⇌ N2O4(g), what is the effect of increasing the pressure? (2021)
A.
Shift to the left
B.
Shift to the right
C.
No effect
D.
Increase Kp
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Solution
Increasing the pressure will shift the equilibrium to the side with fewer moles of gas, which is the right side (N2O4) in this case.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the left
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Q. For the equilibrium reaction: H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g), what is the effect of adding more I2?
A.
Equilibrium shifts to the right
B.
Equilibrium shifts to the left
C.
No effect
D.
Equilibrium constant changes
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Solution
Adding more I2 increases its concentration, which shifts the equilibrium to the right to produce more HI.
Correct Answer: A — Equilibrium shifts to the right
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Q. For the equilibrium reaction: H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g), what is the effect of adding more HI?
A.
Shifts to the right
B.
Shifts to the left
C.
No change
D.
Increases the rate of reaction
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Solution
Adding more HI increases the concentration of products, which shifts the equilibrium to the left to form more reactants.
Correct Answer: B — Shifts to the left
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Q. For the exothermic reaction A + B ⇌ C + D, what effect does increasing the temperature have on the equilibrium? (2020)
A.
Shifts to the left
B.
Shifts to the right
C.
No change
D.
Increases Kc
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Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants.
Correct Answer: A — Shifts to the left
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Q. For the exothermic reaction A + B ⇌ C + heat, what will happen if the temperature is increased? (2020)
A.
Equilibrium will shift to the right
B.
Equilibrium will shift to the left
C.
No change in equilibrium
D.
Equilibrium will shift to the center
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Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants, as the system tries to absorb the added heat.
Correct Answer: B — Equilibrium will shift to the left
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Q. For the exothermic reaction: N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), what will happen if the temperature is increased? (2023)
A.
The equilibrium will shift to the right
B.
The equilibrium will shift to the left
C.
No change in equilibrium
D.
The reaction will stop
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the temperature of an exothermic reaction shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants.
Correct Answer: B — The equilibrium will shift to the left
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Q. For the function f(x) = -x^2 + 4x + 1, find the x-coordinate of the vertex. (2023)
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Solution
The vertex x-coordinate is given by -b/(2a) = -4/(2*-1) = 2.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = -x^2 + 6x, find the x-coordinate of the vertex. (2022)
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Solution
The vertex x-coordinate is found using x = -b/(2a) = -6/(-2) = 3.
Correct Answer: A — 3
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^2 - 8x + 10, find the minimum value. (2022)
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Solution
The minimum occurs at x = 2. f(2) = 2(2^2) - 8(2) + 10 = 2.
Correct Answer: C — 4
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the critical points. (2022)
A.
(0, 0)
B.
(1, 5)
C.
(2, 0)
D.
(3, 3)
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Solution
Set f'(x) = 0. f'(x) = 6x^2 - 18x + 12 = 0. Critical points are x = 2.
Correct Answer: C — (2, 0)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the inflection point.
A.
(1, 1)
B.
(2, 2)
C.
(3, 3)
D.
(4, 4)
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Solution
f''(x) = 12x - 18. Setting f''(x) = 0 gives x = 1.5. The inflection point is (1.5, f(1.5)).
Correct Answer: B — (2, 2)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the intervals of increase. (2022)
A.
(-∞, 0)
B.
(0, 3)
C.
(3, ∞)
D.
(0, 2)
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Solution
f'(x) = 6x^2 - 18x + 12. The critical points are x = 1 and x = 2. Test intervals show increase in (0, 3).
Correct Answer: B — (0, 3)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the intervals where the function is increasing.
A.
(-∞, 1)
B.
(1, 3)
C.
(3, ∞)
D.
(0, 3)
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Solution
f'(x) = 6x^2 - 18x + 12. Setting f'(x) = 0 gives x = 1 and x = 3. Testing intervals shows f is increasing on (1, 3).
Correct Answer: B — (1, 3)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the local maxima.
A.
(1, 5)
B.
(2, 0)
C.
(3, 0)
D.
(0, 0)
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Solution
f'(x) = 6x^2 - 18x + 12. Setting f'(x) = 0 gives x = 1 and x = 2. f(1) = 5 is a local maximum.
Correct Answer: A — (1, 5)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x, find the local maxima. (2023) 2023
A.
(1, 5)
B.
(2, 6)
C.
(3, 3)
D.
(0, 0)
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Solution
Find f'(x) = 6x^2 - 18x + 12, set to 0. Local maxima at x = 2 gives f(2) = 6.
Correct Answer: B — (2, 6)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^2 - 12x + 7, find the coordinates of the vertex.
A.
(2, -5)
B.
(2, -1)
C.
(3, -2)
D.
(1, 1)
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Solution
The vertex is at x = -b/(2a) = 12/(2*3) = 2. f(2) = 3(2^2) - 12(2) + 7 = -1. So, the vertex is (2, -1).
Correct Answer: B — (2, -1)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^2 - 12x + 7, find the minimum value. (2022)
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Solution
The vertex occurs at x = 2. f(2) = 3(2^2) - 12(2) + 7 = -5.
Correct Answer: B — -4
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^2 - 12x + 7, find the x-coordinate of the vertex. (2022)
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Solution
The x-coordinate of the vertex is given by x = -b/(2a) = 12/(2*3) = 2.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^2 - 12x + 9, find the vertex. (2021)
A.
(2, 3)
B.
(3, 0)
C.
(0, 9)
D.
(1, 6)
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Solution
The vertex occurs at x = -b/(2a) = 12/(2*3) = 2. f(2) = 3(2^2) - 12(2) + 9 = 3.
Correct Answer: A — (2, 3)
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^2 - 12x + 9, find the x-coordinate of the vertex. (2021)
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Solution
The vertex x-coordinate is found using -b/(2a) = 12/(2*3) = 2.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^3 - 12x^2 + 9, find the x-coordinates of the inflection points.
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Solution
f''(x) = 18x - 24. Setting f''(x) = 0 gives x = 4/3. This is the inflection point.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = 3x^3 - 12x^2 + 9x, the number of local maxima and minima is:
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Solution
Finding f'(x) = 9x^2 - 24x + 9 and solving gives two critical points. The second derivative test confirms one maximum and one minimum.
Correct Answer: C — 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = e^x - x^2, the point of inflection occurs at:
A.
x = 0
B.
x = 1
C.
x = 2
D.
x = -1
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Solution
To find the point of inflection, we compute f''(x) = e^x - 2. Setting f''(x) = 0 gives e^x = 2, leading to x = ln(2). The closest integer is x = 1.
Correct Answer: B — x = 1
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Q. For the function f(x) = ln(x), find the point where it is not differentiable.
A.
x = 0
B.
x = 1
C.
x = -1
D.
x = 2
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Solution
f(x) = ln(x) is not defined for x ≤ 0, hence not differentiable at x = 0.
Correct Answer: A — x = 0
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Q. For the function f(x) = sin(x) + cos(x), find the x-coordinate of the maximum point in the interval [0, 2π].
A.
π/4
B.
3π/4
C.
5π/4
D.
7π/4
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Solution
f'(x) = cos(x) - sin(x). Setting f'(x) = 0 gives tan(x) = 1, so x = π/4 + nπ. In [0, 2π], the maximum occurs at x = 3π/4.
Correct Answer: B — 3π/4
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Q. For the function f(x) = sin(x) + cos(x), what is f'(π/4)? (2023)
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Solution
f'(x) = cos(x) - sin(x). At x = π/4, f'(π/4) = cos(π/4) - sin(π/4) = √2/2 - √2/2 = 0.
Correct Answer: B — √2
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Q. For the function f(x) = x^2 + 2x + 1, what is f'(x)?
A.
2x + 1
B.
2x + 2
C.
2x
D.
x + 1
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Solution
f'(x) = 2x + 2.
Correct Answer: B — 2x + 2
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Q. For the function f(x) = x^2 + 2x + 3, find the point where it is not differentiable.
A.
x = -1
B.
x = 0
C.
x = 1
D.
It is differentiable everywhere
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Solution
The function is a polynomial and is differentiable everywhere.
Correct Answer: D — It is differentiable everywhere
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Q. For the function f(x) = x^2 + 2x, find the local maximum. (2022)
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Solution
f'(x) = 2x + 2. Setting f'(x) = 0 gives x = -1. f(-1) = 1.
Correct Answer: A — -1
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