Undergraduate
Q. What is the primary function of the placenta during pregnancy? (2023)
A.
To provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus
B.
To produce hormones only
C.
To protect the fetus from all diseases
D.
To facilitate childbirth
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Solution
The placenta provides oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus and removes waste products.
Correct Answer: A — To provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus
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Q. What is the primary function of the renal pelvis? (2022)
A.
Filtration of blood
B.
Storage of urine
C.
Transport of urine to the bladder
D.
Production of urine
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Solution
The renal pelvis collects urine from the collecting ducts and transports it to the ureter.
Correct Answer: C — Transport of urine to the bladder
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Q. What is the primary function of the ribosomes? (2019)
A.
Energy production
B.
Protein synthesis
C.
Lipid synthesis
D.
DNA replication
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Solution
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.
Correct Answer: B — Protein synthesis
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Q. What is the primary function of the root system in flowering plants? (2020)
A.
Photosynthesis
B.
Anchorage and absorption of water
C.
Reproduction
D.
Storage of food
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Solution
The primary function of the root system is to anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
Correct Answer: B — Anchorage and absorption of water
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Q. What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? (2019)
A.
Lipid synthesis
B.
Protein synthesis
C.
Energy production
D.
Cell division
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Solution
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes and is primarily involved in the synthesis of proteins.
Correct Answer: B — Protein synthesis
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Q. What is the primary function of the skeletal system in locomotion? (2019)
A.
A. To produce blood cells
B.
B. To store minerals
C.
C. To provide a framework for muscle attachment
D.
D. To protect internal organs
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Solution
The primary function of the skeletal system in locomotion is to provide a framework for muscle attachment, enabling movement.
Correct Answer: C — C. To provide a framework for muscle attachment
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Q. What is the primary function of the skeletal system? (2021)
A.
Movement
B.
Protection of organs
C.
Mineral storage
D.
All of the above
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Solution
The skeletal system serves multiple functions including movement, protection of vital organs, and mineral storage.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. What is the primary function of the small intestine in digestion? (2020)
A.
Absorption of nutrients
B.
Mechanical digestion
C.
Chemical digestion
D.
Storage of food
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Solution
The primary function of the small intestine is the absorption of nutrients from digested food.
Correct Answer: A — Absorption of nutrients
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Q. What is the primary function of the surfactant in the alveoli? (2019)
A.
Increase surface tension
B.
Decrease surface tension
C.
Facilitate gas exchange
D.
Prevent infection
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Solution
Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse and aiding in gas exchange.
Correct Answer: B — Decrease surface tension
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Q. What is the primary function of thyroid hormones? (2022)
A.
Regulate metabolism
B.
Control blood pressure
C.
Stimulate growth
D.
Manage stress response
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Solution
Thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are crucial for regulating metabolism in the body.
Correct Answer: A — Regulate metabolism
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Q. What is the primary function of white blood cells? (2022)
A.
Transporting oxygen
B.
Clotting blood
C.
Fighting infections
D.
Transporting nutrients
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Solution
White blood cells are part of the immune system and are primarily responsible for fighting infections and foreign invaders.
Correct Answer: C — Fighting infections
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Q. What is the primary gas in the Earth's atmosphere? (2022)
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon Dioxide
D.
Hydrogen
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Solution
Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere, making it the primary gas.
Correct Answer: B — Nitrogen
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Q. What is the primary goal of gene therapy? (2021)
A.
To clone organisms
B.
To replace defective genes
C.
To produce vaccines
D.
To enhance crop traits
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Solution
The primary goal of gene therapy is to replace defective genes in order to treat or prevent diseases.
Correct Answer: B — To replace defective genes
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Q. What is the primary goal of sustainable development? (2023)
A.
Maximizing economic growth
B.
Preserving natural resources for future generations
C.
Increasing industrial output
D.
Reducing population growth
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Solution
The primary goal of sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Correct Answer: B — Preserving natural resources for future generations
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Q. What is the primary mechanism of adsorption in activated charcoal?
A.
Chemical bonding
B.
Physical adsorption
C.
Capillary action
D.
Electrostatic attraction
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Solution
Activated charcoal primarily adsorbs substances through physical adsorption due to its high surface area and porous structure.
Correct Answer: B — Physical adsorption
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Q. What is the primary mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin?
A.
Natural Selection
B.
Genetic Drift
C.
Mutation
D.
Gene Flow
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Solution
Charles Darwin proposed the mechanism of evolution known as Natural Selection, which explains how species adapt and evolve over time based on environmental pressures.
Correct Answer: A — Natural Selection
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Q. What is the primary method of reproduction in bacteria? (2021)
A.
Binary fission
B.
Budding
C.
Fragmentation
D.
Sexual reproduction
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Solution
Bacteria primarily reproduce asexually through binary fission, where a single cell divides into two identical cells.
Correct Answer: A — Binary fission
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Q. What is the primary mode of nutrition in the kingdom Animalia? (2023)
A.
Autotrophic
B.
Heterotrophic
C.
Saprophytic
D.
Parasitic
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Solution
The primary mode of nutrition in the kingdom Animalia is heterotrophic.
Correct Answer: B — Heterotrophic
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Q. What is the primary mode of reproduction in angiosperms? (2023)
A.
Asexual reproduction
B.
Budding
C.
Fission
D.
Sexual reproduction
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Solution
Angiosperms primarily reproduce through sexual reproduction, involving flowers and seeds.
Correct Answer: D — Sexual reproduction
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Q. What is the primary mode of reproduction in ferns? (2023)
A.
Asexual reproduction
B.
Sexual reproduction
C.
Vegetative propagation
D.
Budding
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Solution
Ferns primarily reproduce through sexual reproduction, producing spores.
Correct Answer: B — Sexual reproduction
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Q. What is the primary muscle involved in the process of breathing? (2021)
A.
Diaphragm
B.
Intercostal muscles
C.
Abdominal muscles
D.
Pectoral muscles
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Solution
The diaphragm is the primary muscle that contracts and relaxes to facilitate breathing.
Correct Answer: A — Diaphragm
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Q. What is the primary oxidation state of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO2)? (2020)
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Solution
In carbon dioxide, carbon has an oxidation state of +4.
Correct Answer: B — +4
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Q. What is the primary oxidation state of iron in FeCl3? (2023)
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Solution
In FeCl3, iron (Fe) has a primary oxidation state of +3.
Correct Answer: B — +3
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Q. What is the primary oxidation state of nitrogen in ammonia (NH3)? (2021)
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Solution
In ammonia, nitrogen has an oxidation state of -3.
Correct Answer: A — -3
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Q. What is the primary oxidation state of nitrogen in nitric acid (HNO3)? (2023)
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Solution
In nitric acid, nitrogen has an oxidation state of +5.
Correct Answer: C — +5
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Q. What is the primary pollutant in smog? (2021)
A.
Carbon monoxide
B.
Sulfur dioxide
C.
Nitrogen oxides
D.
Particulate matter
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Solution
Particulate matter is a primary pollutant in smog, contributing to air quality issues.
Correct Answer: D — Particulate matter
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Q. What is the primary process by which energy enters an ecosystem? (2022)
A.
Respiration
B.
Photosynthesis
C.
Decomposition
D.
Transpiration
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Solution
Photosynthesis is the primary process by which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy by plants.
Correct Answer: B — Photosynthesis
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Q. What is the primary process involved in adsorption? (2023)
A.
Chemical reaction
B.
Physical attraction
C.
Evaporation
D.
Condensation
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Solution
Adsorption primarily involves physical attraction between the adsorbate and the surface of the adsorbent.
Correct Answer: B — Physical attraction
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Q. What is the primary process involved in the adsorption of gases on solid surfaces? (2022) 2022
A.
Diffusion
B.
Condensation
C.
Chemical reaction
D.
Van der Waals forces
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Solution
Adsorption of gases on solid surfaces primarily occurs due to Van der Waals forces, which are weak intermolecular forces that allow gas molecules to adhere to the surface.
Correct Answer: D — Van der Waals forces
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Q. What is the primary process involved in the formation of a colloidal solution? (2022)
A.
Evaporation
B.
Condensation
C.
Dispersion
D.
Sublimation
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Solution
Colloidal solutions are formed by the dispersion of fine particles in a medium, which is the process of dispersion.
Correct Answer: C — Dispersion
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