Q. What is the effect of dilution on the pH of a strong acid?
A.
pH increases
B.
pH decreases
C.
pH remains constant
D.
pH becomes neutral
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Solution
Dilution of a strong acid decreases its concentration, thus increasing the pH.
Correct Answer: A — pH increases
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Q. What is the effect of dilution on the pH of a weak acid solution?
A.
pH decreases
B.
pH increases
C.
pH remains constant
D.
pH becomes neutral
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Solution
Dilution of a weak acid decreases its concentration, which shifts the equilibrium to the right, increasing the concentration of H+ ions and thus increasing the pH.
Correct Answer: B — pH increases
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Q. What is the effect of doping a semiconductor with acceptor impurities?
A.
Increases electron concentration
B.
Increases hole concentration
C.
Decreases conductivity
D.
No effect
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Solution
Doping with acceptor impurities creates holes, thus increasing the hole concentration in the semiconductor.
Correct Answer: B — Increases hole concentration
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Q. What is the effect of doping a semiconductor with donor atoms?
A.
Increases hole concentration
B.
Increases electron concentration
C.
Decreases conductivity
D.
Creates a depletion region
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Solution
Doping a semiconductor with donor atoms increases the electron concentration, making it n-type.
Correct Answer: B — Increases electron concentration
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Q. What is the effect of doping a semiconductor with trivalent atoms?
A.
Creates n-type
B.
Creates p-type
C.
No effect
D.
Increases resistance
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Solution
Doping a semiconductor with trivalent atoms creates p-type semiconductors by introducing holes.
Correct Answer: B — Creates p-type
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Q. What is the effect of doping a semiconductor?
A.
Increases resistance
B.
Decreases resistance
C.
No effect
D.
Makes it an insulator
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Solution
Doping a semiconductor decreases its resistance by introducing additional charge carriers.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases resistance
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Q. What is the effect of doping on the conductivity of a semiconductor?
A.
Decreases conductivity
B.
Increases conductivity
C.
No effect
D.
Makes it an insulator
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Solution
Doping a semiconductor increases its conductivity by introducing additional charge carriers.
Correct Answer: B — Increases conductivity
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Q. What is the effect of doping on the conductivity of semiconductors?
A.
Decreases conductivity
B.
Increases conductivity
C.
No effect
D.
Makes it insulative
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Solution
Doping increases the conductivity of semiconductors by introducing additional charge carriers.
Correct Answer: B — Increases conductivity
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Q. What is the effect of doubling the distance from a long straight wire on the magnetic field strength?
A.
It doubles the magnetic field strength
B.
It halves the magnetic field strength
C.
It quadruples the magnetic field strength
D.
It has no effect on the magnetic field strength
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Solution
According to the Biot-Savart Law, the magnetic field strength is inversely proportional to the distance, so doubling the distance halves the magnetic field strength.
Correct Answer: B — It halves the magnetic field strength
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Q. What is the effect of electron-donating groups on the basicity of amines?
A.
Increase basicity
B.
Decrease basicity
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the solvent
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Solution
Electron-donating groups increase the electron density on the nitrogen atom, thus increasing the basicity of amines.
Correct Answer: A — Increase basicity
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Q. What is the effect of electron-withdrawing groups on the basicity of amines?
A.
Increase basicity
B.
Decrease basicity
C.
No effect
D.
Varies with the group
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Solution
Electron-withdrawing groups decrease the basicity of amines by reducing the electron density on the nitrogen atom.
Correct Answer: B — Decrease basicity
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Q. What is the effect of increasing electronegativity difference on bond character?
A.
Increases covalent character
B.
Decreases ionic character
C.
Increases ionic character
D.
No effect
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Solution
Increasing electronegativity difference between two atoms leads to an increase in ionic character of the bond.
Correct Answer: C — Increases ionic character
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Q. What is the effect of increasing pressure on the boiling point of a liquid?
A.
Boiling point decreases
B.
Boiling point increases
C.
No effect
D.
Boiling point becomes constant
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Solution
Increasing pressure raises the boiling point of a liquid.
Correct Answer: B — Boiling point increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on a reaction with a negative ΔH and positive ΔS?
A.
It makes ΔG more negative.
B.
It makes ΔG less negative.
C.
It has no effect on ΔG.
D.
It makes ΔG positive.
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Solution
Increasing temperature will make ΔG more negative for a reaction with a negative ΔH and positive ΔS, enhancing spontaneity.
Correct Answer: A — It makes ΔG more negative.
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on a reaction with ΔH > 0 and ΔS < 0?
A.
Increases spontaneity
B.
Decreases spontaneity
C.
No effect on spontaneity
D.
Makes it spontaneous at high temperatures
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Solution
For a reaction with ΔH > 0 and ΔS < 0, increasing temperature will make ΔG more positive, thus decreasing spontaneity.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases spontaneity
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on an exothermic reaction at equilibrium?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Increase the rate of reaction
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Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the left
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on physisorption?
A.
Increases adsorption
B.
Decreases adsorption
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the adsorbate
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Solution
Increasing temperature generally decreases physisorption because it disrupts the weak van der Waals forces.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases adsorption
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the cell potential according to the Nernst equation?
A.
Increases cell potential
B.
Decreases cell potential
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the reaction
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Solution
The effect of increasing temperature on cell potential depends on the reaction and its enthalpy change.
Correct Answer: D — Depends on the reaction
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the cell potential?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Depends on the reaction
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Solution
The effect of temperature on cell potential depends on the reaction and its enthalpy change.
Correct Answer: D — Depends on the reaction
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the density of a gas?
A.
Increases density
B.
Decreases density
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on pressure
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Solution
Increasing the temperature of a gas generally decreases its density, as the gas expands.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases density
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the density of liquids?
A.
Density increases
B.
Density decreases
C.
Density remains constant
D.
Density fluctuates randomly
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Solution
Generally, the density of liquids decreases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — Density decreases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the entropy of a substance?
A.
Entropy decreases
B.
Entropy increases
C.
Entropy remains constant
D.
Entropy becomes zero
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Solution
Increasing temperature generally increases the kinetic energy of particles, leading to greater disorder and thus an increase in entropy.
Correct Answer: B — Entropy increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the entropy of a system?
A.
Increases entropy
B.
Decreases entropy
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the system
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Solution
Increasing temperature generally increases the entropy of a system as the molecular motion becomes more chaotic.
Correct Answer: A — Increases entropy
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the equilibrium constant Kc for an endothermic reaction?
A.
Kc increases
B.
Kc decreases
C.
Kc remains constant
D.
Kc becomes zero
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Solution
For endothermic reactions, increasing temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right, increasing Kc.
Correct Answer: A — Kc increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the equilibrium constant of an endothermic reaction?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the reaction
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Solution
For an endothermic reaction, increasing the temperature increases the equilibrium constant.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the equilibrium constant of an exothermic reaction?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the temperature of an exothermic reaction shifts the equilibrium to the left, decreasing the equilibrium constant.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the kinetic energy of gas molecules?
A.
Increases kinetic energy
B.
Decreases kinetic energy
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the gas
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Solution
Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of gas molecules.
Correct Answer: A — Increases kinetic energy
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the kinetic energy of gas particles?
A.
It decreases kinetic energy.
B.
It has no effect.
C.
It increases kinetic energy.
D.
It causes phase change.
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Solution
Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of gas particles.
Correct Answer: C — It increases kinetic energy.
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the kinetic energy of particles in a substance?
A.
Kinetic energy decreases
B.
Kinetic energy remains constant
C.
Kinetic energy increases
D.
Kinetic energy fluctuates
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Solution
Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
Correct Answer: C — Kinetic energy increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the pressure of a gas at constant volume?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure remains constant
C.
Pressure increases
D.
Pressure fluctuates
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's law, pressure increases with temperature at constant volume.
Correct Answer: C — Pressure increases
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