Properties of Matter
Q. Which of the following statements about surface tension is true?
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A.
It increases with temperature
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B.
It is independent of temperature
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C.
It decreases with temperature
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D.
It is only present in liquids
Solution
Surface tension generally decreases with an increase in temperature due to increased molecular motion.
Correct Answer: C — It decreases with temperature
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Q. Which of the following statements about viscosity is true?
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A.
Viscosity is a scalar quantity
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B.
Viscosity is a vector quantity
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C.
Viscosity is temperature independent
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D.
Viscosity increases with shear rate
Solution
Viscosity is a scalar quantity that measures a fluid's resistance to flow.
Correct Answer: A — Viscosity is a scalar quantity
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Q. Which phenomenon explains why a needle can float on water despite being denser?
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A.
Buoyancy
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B.
Surface tension
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C.
Viscosity
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D.
Capillarity
Solution
Surface tension allows the needle to float on water, as it creates a 'skin' on the surface that can support the weight of the needle.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension
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Q. Which phenomenon explains why a straw can draw liquid upwards?
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A.
Capillary action
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B.
Surface tension
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C.
Viscosity
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D.
Hydrostatic pressure
Solution
Capillary action allows liquids to rise in narrow spaces, such as a straw, due to adhesive and cohesive forces.
Correct Answer: A — Capillary action
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Q. Which phenomenon is primarily responsible for the shape of small liquid droplets?
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A.
Viscosity
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B.
Surface tension
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C.
Density
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D.
Capillarity
Solution
Surface tension causes small droplets to minimize their surface area, resulting in a spherical shape.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension
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Q. Which principle explains why a ship floats on water?
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A.
Archimedes' principle
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B.
Bernoulli's principle
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C.
Pascal's principle
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D.
Newton's third law
Solution
Archimedes' principle states that a body submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
Correct Answer: A — Archimedes' principle
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