Ideal solutions obey Raoult's law at all concentrations, meaning their vapor pressures are proportional to the mole fractions.

Inductive effect is a permanent effect due to the electronegativity of atoms or groups.

Isomers can exist in the same physical state, such as liquid or solid.

Isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of atoms.

Isomers can have different physical and chemical properties despite having the same molecular formula.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Kinetic friction is independent of the contact area and depends only on the normal force and the coefficient of kinetic friction.

Concave lenses always produce virtual images when the object is placed within the focal length.

Liquids are incompressible and have a fixed volume, but they do not have a definite shape.

Magnetic field lines always form closed loops, indicating that magnetic field lines do not start or end but continue indefinitely.

The mesomeric effect is a permanent effect that involves the delocalization of electrons through pi bonds and resonance structures.

In metallic bonding, electrons are delocalized, allowing for conductivity and malleability.

Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution, and it can change with temperature due to volume changes.

Molecular orbitals are indeed formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.

Not all molecular orbitals are degenerate; some can have different energy levels.

Molecular orbitals are indeed formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.

All statements are true regarding multiples.

Base-2 can represent all integers, as it is a complete positional system.

Different numeral systems can represent the same value, such as the decimal 10 and binary 1010.

Optical isomers, or enantiomers, rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.

Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where offspring develop from unfertilized eggs.

In a general partnership, partners can be held personally liable for the debts of the business.

Phenols are weak acids due to the ability of the hydroxyl group to donate a proton.

Plasma is the most common state of matter in the universe, found in stars and interstellar space.

Polarized light vibrates in a single plane, unlike unpolarized light which vibrates in multiple planes.

Power can be negative when work is done against the direction of motion, such as in friction. Therefore, the correct statement is that power can be negative.

Prime numbers are defined as numbers greater than 1 that have no divisors other than 1 and themselves.

Respiration in plants produces more energy than fermentation, as it fully oxidizes glucose in the presence of oxygen.

The RMS speed is always greater than the average speed for a distribution of speeds in a gas.

Solids have a definite shape and volume due to the closely packed arrangement of their particles.