Q. Which of the following statements about solutions is incorrect?
A.
Solutes lower the vapor pressure of solvents.
B.
Colligative properties depend on the type of solute.
C.
Boiling point elevation is a colligative property.
D.
Freezing point depression is a colligative property.
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Solution
Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles, not their type.
Correct Answer: B — Colligative properties depend on the type of solute.
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Q. Which of the following statements about solutions is true? (2023)
A.
Solutes increase the boiling point of solvents
B.
Solutes decrease the freezing point of solvents
C.
Both A and B
D.
Neither A nor B
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Solution
Both statements are true; solutes affect the colligative properties of solvents.
Correct Answer: C — Both A and B
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Q. Which of the following statements about sound waves is true?
A.
Sound waves can travel through a vacuum
B.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves
C.
Sound waves travel faster in air than in water
D.
Sound waves are electromagnetic waves
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Solution
Sound waves are longitudinal waves, meaning the particle displacement is parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
Correct Answer: B — Sound waves are longitudinal waves
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Q. Which of the following statements about strong acids is true?
A.
They partially dissociate in solution
B.
They completely dissociate in solution
C.
They have high pKa values
D.
They do not conduct electricity
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Solution
Strong acids completely dissociate in solution, producing a high concentration of H+ ions, which allows them to conduct electricity.
Correct Answer: B — They completely dissociate in solution
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Q. Which of the following statements about surface tension is true?
A.
It increases with temperature
B.
It is independent of temperature
C.
It decreases with temperature
D.
It is only present in liquids
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Solution
Surface tension generally decreases with an increase in temperature due to increased molecular motion.
Correct Answer: C — It decreases with temperature
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Q. Which of the following statements about the Arrhenius equation is true?
A.
It relates temperature to the rate constant
B.
It is only applicable to zero-order reactions
C.
It does not consider activation energy
D.
It is a linear equation
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Solution
The Arrhenius equation relates temperature to the rate constant and includes the activation energy.
Correct Answer: A — It relates temperature to the rate constant
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Q. Which of the following statements about the Bohr model of the atom is correct?
A.
Electrons can exist in any orbit
B.
Electrons emit radiation in stable orbits
C.
Energy levels are quantized
D.
All orbits are elliptical
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Solution
In the Bohr model, energy levels are quantized, meaning electrons can only exist in specific energy states.
Correct Answer: C — Energy levels are quantized
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Q. Which of the following statements about the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom is correct?
A.
Electrons can exist in any orbit
B.
Only certain orbits are allowed
C.
Electrons radiate energy continuously
D.
The nucleus is positively charged
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Solution
In the Bohr model, only certain orbits (or energy levels) are allowed for electrons, which correspond to specific energy states.
Correct Answer: B — Only certain orbits are allowed
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Q. Which of the following statements about the boiling point of a liquid is correct?
A.
It is the temperature at which vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure
B.
It is always higher than the melting point
C.
It is independent of atmospheric pressure
D.
It decreases with increasing molecular weight
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Solution
The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.
Correct Answer: A — It is the temperature at which vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure
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Q. Which of the following statements about the common ion effect is true?
A.
It increases solubility
B.
It decreases solubility
C.
It has no effect on solubility
D.
It only applies to strong electrolytes
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Solution
The common ion effect states that the solubility of a salt decreases in the presence of a common ion.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases solubility
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Q. Which of the following statements about the conservation of energy is true?
A.
Energy can be created
B.
Energy can be destroyed
C.
Energy can be transformed
D.
Energy is always lost
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Solution
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be transformed from one form to another.
Correct Answer: C — Energy can be transformed
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Q. Which of the following statements about the conservation of momentum is true?
A.
Momentum is always conserved in all collisions
B.
Momentum is conserved only in elastic collisions
C.
Momentum is conserved only in inelastic collisions
D.
Momentum is not conserved in any collision
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Solution
Momentum is conserved in all types of collisions, provided no external forces act on the system.
Correct Answer: A — Momentum is always conserved in all collisions
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Q. Which of the following statements about the diagonals of a polygon is correct?
A.
A triangle has no diagonals.
B.
A quadrilateral has two diagonals.
C.
A pentagon has five diagonals.
D.
A hexagon has nine diagonals.
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Solution
A triangle has no diagonals, as it has only three vertices. The formula for the number of diagonals in a polygon is n(n-3)/2, where n is the number of sides.
Correct Answer: A — A triangle has no diagonals.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the electron configuration of an atom is correct?
A.
Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy
B.
Electrons can occupy the same orbital without restriction
C.
The 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy, and the 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (K) is true?
A.
K changes with temperature
B.
K changes with concentration
C.
K is always greater than 1
D.
K is independent of pressure
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Solution
The equilibrium constant K is dependent on temperature; it changes if the temperature of the system changes.
Correct Answer: A — K changes with temperature
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Q. Which of the following statements about the Fibonacci sequence is true? (2023)
A.
It starts with 0 and 1
B.
It is an arithmetic sequence
C.
It has a constant difference
D.
It is a geometric sequence
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Solution
The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1, and each subsequent term is the sum of the previous two.
Correct Answer: A — It starts with 0 and 1
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Q. Which of the following statements about the graph of a quadratic function is true?
A.
It is always a parabola that opens upwards.
B.
It can be a straight line.
C.
It can intersect the x-axis at three points.
D.
It is symmetric about its vertex.
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Solution
The graph of a quadratic function is symmetric about its vertex.
Correct Answer: D — It is symmetric about its vertex.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is true?
A.
It applies only to macroscopic objects
B.
It states that position and momentum can be known exactly
C.
It implies a limit to the precision of simultaneous measurements
D.
It is not applicable to photons
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Solution
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that there is a limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties, such as position and momentum, can be known simultaneously.
Correct Answer: C — It implies a limit to the precision of simultaneous measurements
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Q. Which of the following statements about the law of conservation of energy is true?
A.
Energy can be created
B.
Energy can be destroyed
C.
Energy can be transformed
D.
Energy is only conserved in closed systems
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Solution
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.
Correct Answer: C — Energy can be transformed
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Q. Which of the following statements about the number 30 is true?
A.
It is a prime number
B.
It has exactly 4 factors
C.
It is a multiple of 5
D.
It is not a composite number
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Solution
30 is a multiple of 5, as it can be expressed as 5 multiplied by 6.
Correct Answer: C — It is a multiple of 5
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Q. Which of the following statements about the photoelectric effect is true?
A.
Light intensity affects the energy of emitted electrons
B.
Only light above a certain frequency can cause emission
C.
Electrons are emitted regardless of light frequency
D.
The number of emitted electrons is independent of light intensity
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Solution
The photoelectric effect shows that only light above a certain frequency can cause the emission of electrons, regardless of intensity.
Correct Answer: B — Only light above a certain frequency can cause emission
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Q. Which of the following statements about the quantum mechanical model of the atom is true?
A.
Electrons have fixed orbits
B.
Electrons are found in defined paths
C.
Electrons are described by wave functions
D.
Electrons have no mass
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Solution
In the quantum mechanical model, electrons are described by wave functions, which give the probability of finding an electron in a certain region.
Correct Answer: C — Electrons are described by wave functions
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Q. Which of the following statements about the Rajya Sabha is correct? (1950)
A.
It is the upper house of the State Legislature.
B.
It is directly elected by the people.
C.
It represents the States and Union territories.
D.
It has a fixed term of 5 years.
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Solution
The Rajya Sabha is the upper house of the Parliament of India and represents the States and Union territories, not the State Legislature.
Correct Answer: C — It represents the States and Union territories.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the rate of reaction is true?
A.
It increases with increasing concentration of reactants.
B.
It decreases with increasing temperature.
C.
It is always constant.
D.
It is independent of the nature of reactants.
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Solution
The rate of reaction generally increases with increasing concentration of reactants.
Correct Answer: A — It increases with increasing concentration of reactants.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the sequence defined by a_n = 3n + 1 is true? (2023)
A.
It is an arithmetic sequence.
B.
It is a geometric sequence.
C.
It is a harmonic sequence.
D.
It is a Fibonacci sequence.
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Solution
The sequence defined by a_n = 3n + 1 has a constant difference between consecutive terms, hence it is an arithmetic sequence.
Correct Answer: A — It is an arithmetic sequence.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the series 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 is true? (2023)
A.
It is an arithmetic series.
B.
It is a geometric series.
C.
It diverges.
D.
It is a constant series.
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Solution
The series is a geometric series with a common ratio of 1/2.
Correct Answer: B — It is a geometric series.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the series 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 is true? (2023)
A.
It is an arithmetic series.
B.
It is a geometric series.
C.
It consists of perfect squares.
D.
It is a Fibonacci series.
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Solution
The series consists of perfect squares: 1^2, 2^2, 3^2, 4^2, 5^2.
Correct Answer: C — It consists of perfect squares.
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Q. Which of the following statements about the solubility product (Ksp) is true?
A.
Ksp is temperature dependent
B.
Ksp is constant at all temperatures
C.
Ksp only applies to soluble salts
D.
Ksp is the same for all salts
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Solution
Ksp is temperature dependent; it changes with temperature.
Correct Answer: A — Ksp is temperature dependent
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Q. Which of the following statements about the uncertainty principle is true?
A.
It applies only to macroscopic objects
B.
It states that position and momentum cannot be known simultaneously
C.
It is a classical physics concept
D.
It can be ignored in quantum mechanics
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Solution
The uncertainty principle states that position and momentum cannot be known simultaneously with arbitrary precision in quantum mechanics.
Correct Answer: B — It states that position and momentum cannot be known simultaneously
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Q. Which of the following statements about the union of two sets is true?
A.
The union includes only the elements that are common to both sets.
B.
The union includes all elements from both sets, excluding duplicates.
C.
The union is only applicable to finite sets.
D.
The union can never be larger than the largest set.
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Solution
The union of two sets combines all unique elements from both sets.
Correct Answer: B — The union includes all elements from both sets, excluding duplicates.
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