Chromatography is a technique used to separate and identify components in a mixture, making it effective for group identification.

Mass spectrometry is widely used in forensic science for the identification of substances and groups due to its accuracy and sensitivity.

Acetic acid bacteria are responsible for the fermentation process that converts alcohol into vinegar.

Acetic acid bacteria are responsible for the fermentation process that produces vinegar.

Lactobacillus is the primary bacterium used in the fermentation of milk to produce yogurt.

Both bacteria and fungi can cause food spoilage through their metabolic activities.

Iron is crucial for oxygen transport as it is a key component of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Magnesium is a central component of the chlorophyll molecule, essential for photosynthesis.

Magnesium is a central component of the chlorophyll molecule, which is essential for photosynthesis.

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is widely used in digital communication systems due to its efficiency in transmitting data.

Frequency Modulation (FM) is the standard technique used in FM radio broadcasting due to its resistance to noise.

Frequency Modulation (FM) is commonly used in television broadcasting due to its better noise immunity.

Phase Shift Keying (PSK) is a modulation technique used to transmit digital data over an analog channel.

Amplitude Modulation (AM) varies the amplitude of the carrier signal.

In CO2, the carbon atom is sp hybridized as it forms two double bonds with oxygen.

O3 (ozone) has a bent shape due to the presence of a lone pair on the central oxygen atom.

PCl5 has phosphorus in the center, which is dsp3 hybridized, leading to a trigonal bipyramidal geometry.

In CO2, the carbon atom is sp hybridized, forming two double bonds with oxygen.

XeF4 has four bonding pairs and two lone pairs, leading to a square planar geometry.

NaCl has the highest electronegativity difference between sodium and chlorine, leading to a strong ionic bond.

The Ural Mountains separate Europe and Asia.

The Ural Mountains are traditionally considered the natural boundary between Europe and Asia.

The Himalayas separate India from Tibet.

The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched in 1930, prominently featuring the Salt March to Dandi.

The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched in 1930 to protest against the salt laws.

The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched by Gandhi in 1930 to resist British rule through non-violent means.

The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 to protest against the British salt monopoly.

The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in response to the Rowlatt Act.

Akbar is known for his policy of religious tolerance and for establishing the Din-i Ilahi, a syncretic religion.

Shah Jahan is renowned for his urban planning, particularly in the construction of Shahjahanabad (Old Delhi) and the city of Agra.