Bromine is a halogen, located in group 17 of the periodic table.

Plutonium is a member of the actinide series, which includes elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103.

Sodium (Na) is an alkali metal, while Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), and Barium (Ba) are alkaline earth metals.

Calcium is a member of the alkaline earth metals, which are found in Group 2 of the periodic table.

Boron is classified as a metalloid in the p-block.

Boron is classified as a metalloid in the p-block elements.

Boron is classified as a metalloid in the periodic table.

Helium is a noble gas, located in Group 18 of the periodic table.

Neon is a noble gas, which is characterized by its lack of reactivity.

Bromine is a p-block element as it is located in group 17 of the periodic table.

Aluminium (Al) is in group 13 of the periodic table, which is classified as a p-block element.

Uranium (U) is a part of the actinide series, which consists of elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103.

Zinc is classified as a transition metal.

Sodium (Na) is an s-block element as it is in Group 1 of the periodic table.

Iron is classified as a micronutrient, required in smaller amounts compared to macronutrients.

Calcium is classified as a secondary macronutrient, important for cell wall structure and stability.

Avoiding contractions helps maintain a formal tone, which is essential for academic writing in the UPSC Mains essays.

Fluorine is a halogen and is found in Group 17 of the periodic table.

Sodium is in period 3 of the periodic table.

Aluminium commonly forms a stable +3 oxidation state in its compounds.

Tin (Sn) is known for forming a stable +4 oxidation state.

Copper (Cu) is known for forming complex ions due to its ability to coordinate with ligands.

Copper (Cu) is known for its ability to form complex ions due to its d-orbitals.

Platinum (Pt) is widely known for its catalytic properties in various chemical reactions.

Nitrogen (N) has the configuration 1s2 2s2 2p3, which has a half-filled p subshell.

Potassium is an alkali metal and typically forms a +1 ion.

Sodium is an alkali metal and readily loses an electron to form a cation.

Chlorine (Cl) is a non-metal and is most likely to form covalent bonds.

Fluorine (F) is highly electronegative and readily forms anions (F-).

Chlorine is most likely to form an ionic bond with sodium as it readily accepts an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.