All of the mentioned reagents can be used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones, as aldehydes can be oxidized while ketones cannot.

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a strong oxidizing agent that can oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is a mild oxidizing agent that selectively oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes.

Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is commonly used to reduce aldehydes to primary alcohols.

All of the mentioned reagents can be used to test for aldehydes.

Bromine water is used to test for alkenes, as it will decolorize in their presence.

Bromine water is used to test for the presence of alkynes, which will decolorize the solution.

Bromine water is used to test for unsaturation; aromatic compounds do not react with it, indicating their stability.

Bromine water is used to test for phenols, as they will decolorize bromine water.

Bromine water is used to test for unsaturation; it decolorizes in the presence of alkenes or alkynes.

Bromine water and potassium permanganate are both used to test for unsaturation in organic compounds.

Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is commonly used to oxidize primary alcohols to aldehydes without further oxidation to carboxylic acids.

Pd/BaSO4 is used as a catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of alkynes to form alkenes.

Bromine water is commonly used to test for unsaturation; it decolorizes in the presence of alkenes.

Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) is used to reduce carboxylic acids to alcohols.

Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is commonly used to convert alcohols to alkyl halides.

PCl5 is commonly used to convert alcohols into alkyl halides through a substitution reaction.

Concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is commonly used for dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes.

Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is commonly used to convert alcohols to alkyl halides.

PCl5 is commonly used to convert alcohols to alkyl halides through a substitution reaction.

All of the above reagents can reduce an aldehyde to a primary alcohol.

Water (H2O) in the presence of an acid catalyst can convert an alkene to an alcohol through hydration.

H2 in the presence of Lindlar's catalyst is used to convert an alkyne to a cis-alkene.

An acid chloride is used to convert an amine to an amide through acylation.

Sodium hydroxide is commonly used to convert haloalkanes to alcohols through nucleophilic substitution.

Sodium phenoxide reacts with alkyl halides to form phenyl ethers in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

All of the mentioned reagents can be used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones, as aldehydes reduce these reagents while ketones do not.

Both bromine water and potassium permanganate can be used to test for alkenes, as they react with the double bond.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known for his efforts in promoting modern education and social reforms in 19th century India.

Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide is released from the blood.