Q. Which of the following statements about gases is true? (2022)
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A.
Gases have a definite shape and volume
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B.
Gases are incompressible
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C.
Gases fill the entire volume of their container
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D.
Gases have a fixed molecular arrangement
Solution
Gases fill the entire volume of their container due to the high kinetic energy of their particles, allowing them to spread out.
Correct Answer: C — Gases fill the entire volume of their container
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Q. Which of the following statements about geometric progressions is true?
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A.
The ratio of consecutive terms is constant.
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B.
The sum of terms is always positive.
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C.
The first term must be greater than the second.
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D.
The common ratio can only be an integer.
Solution
In a geometric progression, the ratio of consecutive terms is indeed constant, which defines the progression.
Correct Answer: A — The ratio of consecutive terms is constant.
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Q. Which of the following statements about geostationary satellites is true?
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A.
They orbit the Earth in a polar orbit
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B.
They have a period of 24 hours
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C.
They are closer to the Earth than low Earth orbit satellites
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D.
They can be used for global positioning
Solution
Geostationary satellites have an orbital period equal to the Earth's rotation period, which is 24 hours.
Correct Answer: B — They have a period of 24 hours
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Q. Which of the following statements about gravitational potential energy (U) is true?
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A.
U increases as two masses move closer together
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B.
U decreases as two masses move closer together
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C.
U is always positive
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D.
U is independent of distance
Solution
Gravitational potential energy decreases as two masses move closer together, as U = -G * (m1 * m2) / r.
Correct Answer: B — U decreases as two masses move closer together
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Q. Which of the following statements about gravitational potential energy is true?
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A.
It is always positive.
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B.
It can be negative.
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C.
It is independent of the reference point.
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D.
It increases with distance.
Solution
Gravitational potential energy can be negative depending on the reference point chosen.
Correct Answer: B — It can be negative.
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Q. Which of the following statements about haloalkanes is true?
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A.
They are polar compounds
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B.
They are non-polar compounds
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C.
They do not react with nucleophiles
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D.
They are always solids
Solution
Haloalkanes are polar compounds due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and halogen.
Correct Answer: A — They are polar compounds
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Q. Which of the following statements about harmonic progression is false?
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A.
The sum of the terms is finite
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B.
The terms can be negative
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C.
The terms can be zero
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D.
The terms can be fractions
Solution
In a harmonic progression, terms cannot be zero as it would make the reciprocal undefined.
Correct Answer: C — The terms can be zero
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Q. Which of the following statements about harmonic progression is true?
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A.
The sum of the terms is always positive.
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B.
The terms can be negative.
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C.
The terms are always integers.
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D.
The common difference is always positive.
Solution
In a harmonic progression, the terms can be negative as long as their reciprocals form an arithmetic progression.
Correct Answer: B — The terms can be negative.
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Q. Which of the following statements about hybrid sets is true?
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A.
Hybrid sets can only contain numerical elements.
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B.
The union of two hybrid sets is always a hybrid set.
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C.
Hybrid sets cannot be empty.
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D.
The intersection of two hybrid sets is always empty.
Solution
The union of two hybrid sets combines all unique elements from both sets, thus it remains a hybrid set.
Correct Answer: B — The union of two hybrid sets is always a hybrid set.
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Q. Which of the following statements about hydrogen is incorrect? (2019)
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A.
Hydrogen is the lightest element.
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B.
Hydrogen can form covalent bonds.
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C.
Hydrogen exists as a diatomic molecule in nature.
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D.
Hydrogen is a metal at room temperature.
Solution
Hydrogen is a non-metal at room temperature and does not exhibit metallic properties.
Correct Answer: D — Hydrogen is a metal at room temperature.
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Q. Which of the following statements about ideal solutions is true?
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A.
They obey Raoult's law at all concentrations
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B.
They have a constant boiling point
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C.
They have a constant density
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D.
They do not exhibit colligative properties
Solution
Ideal solutions obey Raoult's law at all concentrations, meaning their vapor pressures are proportional to the mole fractions.
Correct Answer: A — They obey Raoult's law at all concentrations
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Q. Which of the following statements about inductive effect is correct?
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A.
It is a permanent effect
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B.
It is a temporary effect
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C.
It only affects alkenes
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D.
It increases basicity
Solution
Inductive effect is a permanent effect due to the electronegativity of atoms or groups.
Correct Answer: A — It is a permanent effect
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Q. Which of the following statements about isomerism is FALSE?
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A.
Isomers have the same molecular formula.
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B.
Isomers have different physical properties.
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C.
Isomers have different chemical properties.
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D.
Isomers cannot exist in the same physical state.
Solution
Isomers can exist in the same physical state, such as liquid or solid.
Correct Answer: D — Isomers cannot exist in the same physical state.
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Q. Which of the following statements about isomerism is true?
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A.
Isomers have the same molecular formula
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B.
Isomers have different molecular formulas
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C.
Isomers have the same physical properties
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D.
Isomers cannot exist in the same compound
Solution
Isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of atoms.
Correct Answer: A — Isomers have the same molecular formula
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Q. Which of the following statements about isomers is true?
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A.
Isomers have different molecular formulas
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B.
Isomers have the same connectivity of atoms
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C.
Isomers have different physical and chemical properties
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D.
Isomers cannot exist in the same compound
Solution
Isomers can have different physical and chemical properties despite having the same molecular formula.
Correct Answer: C — Isomers have different physical and chemical properties
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Q. Which of the following statements about isotopes is true?
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A.
Isotopes have the same number of protons
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B.
Isotopes have different chemical properties
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C.
Isotopes have different numbers of protons
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D.
Isotopes are always radioactive
Solution
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Correct Answer: A — Isotopes have the same number of protons
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Q. Which of the following statements about kinetic friction is true?
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A.
It is always greater than static friction.
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B.
It depends on the speed of the object.
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C.
It is independent of the contact area.
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D.
It increases with increasing normal force.
Solution
Kinetic friction is independent of the contact area and depends only on the normal force and the coefficient of kinetic friction.
Correct Answer: C — It is independent of the contact area.
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Q. Which of the following statements about lenses is true?
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A.
Concave lenses converge light rays
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B.
Convex lenses diverge light rays
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C.
Concave lenses produce virtual images
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D.
Convex lenses have negative focal lengths
Solution
Concave lenses always produce virtual images when the object is placed within the focal length.
Correct Answer: C — Concave lenses produce virtual images
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Q. Which of the following statements about liquids is true?
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A.
They have a definite shape.
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B.
They are incompressible.
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C.
They have a fixed volume.
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D.
Both B and C
Solution
Liquids are incompressible and have a fixed volume, but they do not have a definite shape.
Correct Answer: D — Both B and C
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Q. Which of the following statements about magnetic field lines is true?
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A.
They can cross each other
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B.
They are always straight lines
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C.
They form closed loops
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D.
They originate from magnetic monopoles
Solution
Magnetic field lines always form closed loops, indicating that magnetic field lines do not start or end but continue indefinitely.
Correct Answer: C — They form closed loops
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Q. Which of the following statements about mesomeric effect is true?
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A.
It involves only sigma bonds.
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B.
It is a permanent effect.
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C.
It is weaker than the inductive effect.
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D.
It does not involve resonance structures.
Solution
The mesomeric effect is a permanent effect that involves the delocalization of electrons through pi bonds and resonance structures.
Correct Answer: B — It is a permanent effect.
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Q. Which of the following statements about metallic bonding is true?
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A.
Electrons are localized
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B.
Electrons are delocalized
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C.
Only positive ions are present
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D.
It involves sharing of electrons
Solution
In metallic bonding, electrons are delocalized, allowing for conductivity and malleability.
Correct Answer: B — Electrons are delocalized
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Q. Which of the following statements about molarity is true?
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A.
It changes with temperature.
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B.
It is independent of temperature.
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C.
It is defined as moles of solute per liter of solvent.
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D.
It is always equal to molality.
Solution
Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution, and it can change with temperature due to volume changes.
Correct Answer: A — It changes with temperature.
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Q. Which of the following statements about molecular orbitals is correct?
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A.
Molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
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B.
Molecular orbitals can only be occupied by one electron.
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C.
Bonding molecular orbitals have higher energy than antibonding orbitals.
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D.
Molecular orbitals do not influence the shape of molecules.
Solution
Molecular orbitals are indeed formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
Correct Answer: A — Molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
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Q. Which of the following statements about molecular orbitals is incorrect?
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A.
Molecular orbitals can be occupied by a maximum of two electrons.
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B.
Bonding orbitals are lower in energy than antibonding orbitals.
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C.
Molecular orbitals are formed from the linear combination of atomic orbitals.
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D.
All molecular orbitals are degenerate.
Solution
Not all molecular orbitals are degenerate; some can have different energy levels.
Correct Answer: D — All molecular orbitals are degenerate.
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Q. Which of the following statements about molecular orbitals is true?
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A.
Molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
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B.
Molecular orbitals can only be occupied by one electron.
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C.
Molecular orbitals do not have any energy levels.
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D.
Molecular orbitals are only found in diatomic molecules.
Solution
Molecular orbitals are indeed formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
Correct Answer: A — Molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
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Q. Which of the following statements about multiples is true?
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A.
The multiples of a number are infinite.
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B.
The multiples of a number are always positive.
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C.
The first multiple of any number is the number itself.
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D.
All of the above.
Solution
All statements are true regarding multiples.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above.
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Q. Which of the following statements about number systems is true?
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A.
Base-10 is the only positional system
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B.
Base-2 can represent all integers
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C.
Base-16 is less efficient than base-10
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D.
Base-5 cannot represent fractions
Solution
Base-2 can represent all integers, as it is a complete positional system.
Correct Answer: B — Base-2 can represent all integers
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Q. Which of the following statements about numeral systems is correct?
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A.
All numeral systems are based on the same principles.
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B.
Different numeral systems can represent the same value.
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C.
The decimal system is the only system used in mathematics.
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D.
Base systems are irrelevant in modern computing.
Solution
Different numeral systems can represent the same value, such as the decimal 10 and binary 1010.
Correct Answer: B — Different numeral systems can represent the same value.
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Q. Which of the following statements about numeral systems is incorrect?
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A.
Base-10 is the most commonly used system.
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B.
Base-16 is used in color codes in web design.
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C.
Base-2 is used in human languages.
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D.
Base-8 is less common than base-2.
Solution
Base-2 (binary) is not used in human languages; it is primarily used in computing.
Correct Answer: C — Base-2 is used in human languages.
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