In an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed, resulting in a positive ΔH.

log_a(b) + log_a(c) = log_a(bc) by the product property of logarithms.

log_a(bc) = log_a(b) + log_a(c) by the product rule of logarithms.

Using the property of exponents, we have 2^(x+1 - (x-1)) = 2^(x+1-x+1) = 2^2.

Since 8 can be expressed as 2^3, we have 2^(x+3) = 2^3, thus x + 3 = 3, leading to x = 0.

Since 16 can be expressed as 4^2, we have 4^(x+1) = 4^2, leading to x + 1 = 2, thus x = 1.

(a + b)³ = a³ + 3a²b + 3ab² + b³.

(x + y)² = x² + 2xy + y².

Vanillin is the primary component of the extract of the vanilla bean and is widely used as a flavoring agent in food.

Doping is the process used to create a p-n junction by adding impurities to a semiconductor.

Uranium-238 is commonly used as fuel in nuclear reactors due to its ability to undergo fission.

The kingdom Plantae includes multicellular organisms that are autotrophic.

The kingdom Plantae includes organisms that are primarily autotrophic, meaning they produce their own food through photosynthesis.

The kingdom Protista includes organisms that can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic.

The kingdom Protista includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms.

The kingdom Protista includes unicellular organisms.

The Kushana Empire was known for its extensive trade routes that connected India to the Mediterranean region.

Fjords are deep, narrow inlets of the sea between high cliffs or steep slopes, formed by glacial activity.

A moraine is a landform created by the accumulation of debris deposited by glaciers.

A delta is formed at the mouth of a river where it meets a body of water, and sediment is deposited.

Neodymium is used in making strong permanent magnets due to its magnetic properties.

The Outer Core is the only layer that is liquid, composed mainly of molten iron and nickel.

The Inner Core is the hottest part of the Earth, with temperatures reaching up to 5,700 degrees Celsius.

Mahatma Gandhi is most closely associated with the concept of 'Swaraj', which means self-rule, during the Indian Freedom Struggle.

A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, played a crucial role in the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885.

B.R. Ambedkar was a prominent leader who fought for the rights of untouchables and played a crucial role in drafting the Indian Constitution.

Vladimir Lenin was a key figure in the Russian Revolution of 1917, leading the Bolshevik Party to power.

Mahatma Gandhi was the key leader associated with the Civil Disobedience Movement, which started in 1930.

The organism level of organization is the highest, as it encompasses all systems and structures functioning together as a single living entity.

CN- is a strong field ligand and causes a large splitting of d-orbitals, leading to low-spin complexes.