An isothermal process for an ideal gas is characterized by the condition that the temperature remains constant during the expansion or compression.

Allowing a gas to expand slowly while maintaining constant temperature is an isothermal process.

A static process does not involve any change in state variables, hence it is not considered a thermodynamic process.

All the listed processes are governed by the First Law of Thermodynamics, so the answer is 'None of the above'.

Fruit ripening is primarily influenced by ethylene, not auxins.

Photosynthesis is a biochemical process that is not directly influenced by plant hormones.

Auxins are primarily responsible for phototropism, the growth of plants towards light.

A spontaneous process at constant temperature and pressure is characterized by an increase in entropy.

Synthetic rubber is produced through polymerization of monomers such as butadiene and styrene.

Glycolysis is the first step in aerobic respiration, where glucose is broken down to produce energy.

During expiration, the diaphragm relaxes and the intercostal muscles also relax, leading to a decrease in thoracic volume and expulsion of air from the lungs.

Photolysis of water occurs during the light-dependent reactions, producing oxygen and electrons.

DNA replication occurs in the nucleus, where the cell's genetic material is housed.

The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur in the thylakoid membranes.

The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur in the thylakoid membranes.

Isobaric heating increases the temperature and volume of the gas, leading to an increase in entropy.

Fortran, developed in the 1950s, was one of the earliest high-level programming languages, predating COBOL, LISP, and C.

Covalent network solids are typically brittle due to the strong covalent bonds that do not allow for easy deformation.

Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Liquids are generally incompressible, so compressibility is not a property associated with them.

Brittleness is not a typical property of elastomers; they are known for their high elasticity and resilience.

Liquids have a fixed volume but do not have a fixed shape; they take the shape of their container.

Metallic solids are known for their high electrical conductivity due to the presence of free-moving electrons.

All these properties change with temperature; for example, viscosity decreases with increasing temperature.

A rhombus has all sides equal and opposite angles equal.

A square has equal diagonals, which is a property of squares and rectangles.

Angle is a dimensionless quantity.

Angle is a pure number and has no dimensions, while force, energy, and pressure all have dimensions.

Work is defined as force times distance, and its dimensions are ML^2T^-2, which are the same as energy.

Frequency has the dimension of [M^0 L^0 T^-1] as it is defined as the number of cycles per unit time.