Major Competitive Exams
Q. Which of the following species is reduced in the reaction 2MnO4- + 5C2O4^2- + 16H+ → 2Mn^2+ + 10CO2 + 8H2O?
A.
MnO4-
B.
C2O4^2-
C.
H+
D.
CO2
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Solution
In the given reaction, MnO4- is reduced to Mn^2+.
Correct Answer: A — MnO4-
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Q. Which of the following species is the strongest oxidizing agent? (2023)
A.
F2
B.
Cl2
C.
Br2
D.
I2
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Solution
F2 is the strongest oxidizing agent among the halogens due to its high electronegativity and ability to gain electrons.
Correct Answer: A — F2
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Q. Which of the following statements about 'probability' is true?
A.
Probability can only be calculated for discrete events.
B.
The sum of probabilities of all possible outcomes is always 1.
C.
Probability is independent of the sample space.
D.
Probability can never exceed 1.
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Solution
The sum of probabilities of all possible outcomes must equal 1, which is a fundamental principle in probability theory.
Correct Answer: B — The sum of probabilities of all possible outcomes is always 1.
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Q. Which of the following statements about a convex lens is true?
A.
It can only produce real images.
B.
It can only produce virtual images.
C.
It can produce both real and virtual images.
D.
It has a negative focal length.
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Solution
A convex lens can produce both real images (when the object is outside the focal length) and virtual images (when the object is within the focal length).
Correct Answer: C — It can produce both real and virtual images.
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Q. Which of the following statements about a parallelogram is true? (2023)
A.
All sides are equal.
B.
Diagonals bisect each other.
C.
All angles are right angles.
D.
It has exactly one pair of parallel sides.
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Solution
In a parallelogram, the diagonals bisect each other, which is a defining property of parallelograms.
Correct Answer: B — Diagonals bisect each other.
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Q. Which of the following statements about a potentiometer is true?
A.
It can only measure AC voltages.
B.
It requires a constant current for accurate measurements.
C.
It can measure both AC and DC voltages.
D.
It is only used in laboratory settings.
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Solution
A potentiometer requires a constant current to ensure accurate measurements of voltage.
Correct Answer: B — It requires a constant current for accurate measurements.
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Q. Which of the following statements about a rectangle is true?
A.
All sides are equal
B.
Opposite sides are equal and all angles are 90 degrees
C.
Diagonals are perpendicular
D.
Only one pair of opposite sides is equal
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Solution
In a rectangle, opposite sides are equal and all angles are indeed 90 degrees.
Correct Answer: B — Opposite sides are equal and all angles are 90 degrees
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Q. Which of the following statements about alcohols is correct? (2022)
A.
They are all soluble in water.
B.
They have higher boiling points than alkanes.
C.
They cannot form hydrogen bonds.
D.
They are all volatile.
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Solution
Alcohols have higher boiling points than alkanes due to the presence of hydrogen bonding.
Correct Answer: B — They have higher boiling points than alkanes.
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Q. Which of the following statements about alcohols is incorrect? (2022)
A.
They can form hydrogen bonds.
B.
They are generally soluble in water.
C.
They have higher boiling points than alkanes.
D.
All alcohols are volatile.
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Solution
Not all alcohols are volatile; for example, long-chain alcohols have lower volatility.
Correct Answer: D — All alcohols are volatile.
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Q. Which of the following statements about alcohols is true?
A.
They are always soluble in water.
B.
They have higher boiling points than alkanes.
C.
They cannot form hydrogen bonds.
D.
They are less dense than water.
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Solution
Alcohols have higher boiling points than alkanes due to hydrogen bonding.
Correct Answer: B — They have higher boiling points than alkanes.
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Q. Which of the following statements about alkanes is true?
A.
They are highly reactive.
B.
They are saturated hydrocarbons.
C.
They contain double bonds.
D.
They are polar molecules.
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Solution
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.
Correct Answer: B — They are saturated hydrocarbons.
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Q. Which of the following statements about alkenes is true?
A.
They are saturated hydrocarbons.
B.
They can undergo polymerization.
C.
They do not react with electrophiles.
D.
They have a higher boiling point than alkanes.
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Solution
Alkenes can undergo polymerization due to the presence of a double bond.
Correct Answer: B — They can undergo polymerization.
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Q. Which of the following statements about alkynes is incorrect?
A.
They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
B.
They contain at least one triple bond.
C.
They are more reactive than alkenes.
D.
They have a higher boiling point than alkenes.
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Solution
Alkynes are generally less reactive than alkenes due to the stability of the triple bond.
Correct Answer: C — They are more reactive than alkenes.
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Q. Which of the following statements about alkynes is true?
A.
They are less acidic than alkenes.
B.
They can undergo polymerization.
C.
They have a higher boiling point than alkenes.
D.
They are more stable than alkenes.
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Solution
Alkynes have a higher boiling point than alkenes due to stronger intermolecular forces.
Correct Answer: C — They have a higher boiling point than alkenes.
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Q. Which of the following statements about amines is incorrect?
A.
Amines are basic in nature.
B.
Amines can form salts with acids.
C.
Amines have higher boiling points than alcohols.
D.
Amines can act as nucleophiles.
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Solution
Amines generally have lower boiling points than alcohols due to the absence of hydrogen bonding in tertiary amines.
Correct Answer: C — Amines have higher boiling points than alcohols.
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Q. Which of the following statements about aromatic amines is true?
A.
They are more basic than aliphatic amines
B.
They are less basic than aliphatic amines
C.
They do not react with acids
D.
They are neutral compounds
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Solution
Aromatic amines are less basic than aliphatic amines due to resonance stabilization of the lone pair on nitrogen.
Correct Answer: B — They are less basic than aliphatic amines
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Q. Which of the following statements about aromatic compounds is true?
A.
They are always colorless
B.
They have a sweet smell
C.
They are non-toxic
D.
They can be carcinogenic
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Solution
Many aromatic compounds can be carcinogenic, such as benzene, which is known to be harmful to human health.
Correct Answer: D — They can be carcinogenic
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Q. Which of the following statements about buoyancy is true?
A.
Buoyant force acts downward
B.
Buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
C.
Buoyant force depends on the shape of the object
D.
Buoyant force is always equal to the weight of the object
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Solution
The buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
Correct Answer: B — Buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
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Q. Which of the following statements about carboxylic acids is incorrect? (2020)
A.
They can form hydrogen bonds.
B.
They have higher boiling points than alcohols.
C.
They are less acidic than alcohols.
D.
They can be converted to esters.
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Solution
Carboxylic acids are more acidic than alcohols due to the resonance stabilization of their conjugate base, making the statement 'They are less acidic than alcohols' incorrect.
Correct Answer: C — They are less acidic than alcohols.
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Q. Which of the following statements about carboxylic acids is true?
A.
They are always soluble in water
B.
They have higher boiling points than alcohols
C.
They can form hydrogen bonds
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Carboxylic acids can form hydrogen bonds due to the presence of the -COOH group, which contributes to their higher boiling points compared to hydrocarbons.
Correct Answer: C — They can form hydrogen bonds
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Q. Which of the following statements about catalysts is true?
A.
They are consumed in the reaction
B.
They increase the activation energy
C.
They provide an alternative reaction pathway
D.
They change the equilibrium constant
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Solution
Catalysts provide an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, but they are not consumed in the reaction.
Correct Answer: C — They provide an alternative reaction pathway
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Q. Which of the following statements about chemisorption is true? (2022)
A.
It is a reversible process
B.
It involves the formation of strong chemical bonds
C.
It occurs at low temperatures
D.
It is independent of the nature of the adsorbate
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Solution
Chemisorption involves the formation of strong chemical bonds between the adsorbate and the surface, making it generally irreversible.
Correct Answer: B — It involves the formation of strong chemical bonds
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Q. Which of the following statements about circularly polarized light is true?
A.
It has no preferred direction of oscillation
B.
It oscillates in a single plane
C.
It can be converted to linearly polarized light
D.
It is always produced by reflection
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Solution
Circularly polarized light has no preferred direction of oscillation; the electric field vector rotates in a circular motion.
Correct Answer: A — It has no preferred direction of oscillation
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Q. Which of the following statements about colligative properties is true?
A.
They depend on the identity of the solute
B.
They depend on the number of solute particles
C.
They are independent of temperature
D.
They are only applicable to ionic compounds
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Solution
Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in a solution, not their identity.
Correct Answer: B — They depend on the number of solute particles
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Q. Which of the following statements about constraint-based sets is true?
A.
All constraints are equal in importance.
B.
Constraints can be hierarchical.
C.
Constraints do not affect the outcome.
D.
Constraints are always numerical.
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Solution
Constraints can be hierarchical, meaning some constraints may take precedence over others in determining set membership.
Correct Answer: B — Constraints can be hierarchical.
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Q. Which of the following statements about constraints in set theory is FALSE?
A.
Constraints can be both inclusive and exclusive.
B.
Constraints can change the nature of the set.
C.
All constraints must be numerical.
D.
Constraints help in defining subsets.
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Solution
The statement that 'all constraints must be numerical' is false; constraints can be based on various properties, not just numerical.
Correct Answer: C — All constraints must be numerical.
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Q. Which of the following statements about coordination compounds is incorrect? (2023)
A.
They can exhibit geometric isomerism.
B.
They can exhibit optical isomerism.
C.
All coordination compounds are colored.
D.
They can form complexes with transition metals.
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Solution
Not all coordination compounds are colored; the color depends on the nature of the metal and the ligands involved. Some coordination compounds can be colorless.
Correct Answer: C — All coordination compounds are colored.
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Q. Which of the following statements about diffraction gratings is true?
A.
They can only produce first-order maxima
B.
They can produce multiple orders of maxima
C.
They do not produce any maxima
D.
They only work with monochromatic light
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Solution
Diffraction gratings can produce multiple orders of maxima due to the constructive interference of light waves.
Correct Answer: B — They can produce multiple orders of maxima
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Q. Which of the following statements about diffraction is true?
A.
Diffraction can occur with any type of wave
B.
Diffraction only occurs with sound waves
C.
Diffraction is only observed in light waves
D.
Diffraction is a phenomenon exclusive to electromagnetic waves
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Solution
Diffraction can occur with any type of wave, including sound, light, and water waves.
Correct Answer: A — Diffraction can occur with any type of wave
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Q. Which of the following statements about dynamic equilibrium is true?
A.
The concentrations of reactants and products are equal
B.
The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
C.
The reaction has stopped
D.
The system is at rest
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Solution
In dynamic equilibrium, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, but the concentrations of reactants and products may not be equal.
Correct Answer: B — The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
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