Color blindness is a sex-linked trait, primarily located on the X chromosome, affecting males more frequently than females.

Plasma is a state of matter where gases are energized until atomic electrons are no longer associated with the nucleus, as seen in lightning.

Sodium lauryl sulfate is a synthetic detergent commonly used in personal care products.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a synthetic polymer widely used in construction and plumbing.

An eagle is an example of a tertiary consumer as it feeds on secondary consumers like foxes.

The human appendix is considered a vestigial structure, as it has lost its original function over the course of evolution.

Adaptive radiation refers to the rapid evolution of diversely adapted species from a common ancestor, exemplified by the finches in the Galapagos Islands.

An adiabatic process is one in which no heat is exchanged with the surroundings. Compressing a gas in a piston without heat exchange is an example.

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2. C3H8 (propane) fits this formula.

Propene is an alkene, characterized by a carbon-carbon double bond.

Propene is an alkene, characterized by a carbon-carbon double bond.

Butyne is an alkyne, characterized by a triple bond between carbon atoms.

Penicillin is a well-known antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.

Dissolving ammonium nitrate in water absorbs heat, making it an endothermic process.

Photosynthesis is an endothermic process as it absorbs energy from sunlight.

A keyboard is an example of an input device, as it allows users to input data into the computer.

A scanner is an input/output device that can capture images and send them to a computer while also allowing for output in the form of printed documents.

Rubber is an example of an insulator.

In the reaction C + O2 → CO2, carbon is oxidized as it loses electrons to form CO2.

Dog breeding is an example of artificial selection, where humans selectively breed animals for desired traits.

Pentane and 2-methylbutane differ in the arrangement of carbon atoms, thus showing chain isomerism.

2-pentene can exist in cis and trans forms due to the presence of a double bond.

Heating a metal rod is an example of conduction, where heat is transferred through direct contact between particles.

Boiling water in a pot is a classic example of convection, where hot water rises and cooler water descends.

Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits, as seen in whales and fish, which both have streamlined bodies for swimming.

Darwin's finches are an example of divergent evolution, where different species evolved from a common ancestor and adapted to different environments.

Aquariums are an example of ex-situ conservation as they involve the conservation of species outside their natural habitats.

Figural memory involves the ability to recognize and recall visual images, such as faces.

Heat transfer in a pot of boiling water is an example of forced convection.

Starfish can reproduce through fragmentation, where a part of the organism breaks off and develops into a new individual.