Q. A gas expands isothermally at 300 K from a volume of 1 m³ to 2 m³. If the pressure at the initial state is 100 kPa, what is the work done by the gas?
A.
0 kJ
B.
100 kJ
C.
150 kJ
D.
200 kJ
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Solution
Work done (W) = nRT ln(Vf/Vi). Here, nRT = PVi = 100 kPa * 1 m³ = 100 kJ. W = 100 kJ * ln(2) ≈ 69.3 kJ.
Correct Answer: B — 100 kJ
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Q. A gas expands isothermally at 300 K from a volume of 1 m³ to 2 m³. What is the work done by the gas?
A.
0 J
B.
300 J
C.
600 J
D.
150 J
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Solution
The work done in an isothermal expansion is W = nRT ln(Vf/Vi). Assuming 1 mole of gas, W = 1 * 8.31 * 300 * ln(2) ≈ 600 J.
Correct Answer: C — 600 J
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Q. A gas has an RMS speed of 500 m/s. If the molar mass of the gas is 0.02 kg/mol, what is the temperature of the gas?
A.
250 K
B.
500 K
C.
1000 K
D.
2000 K
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Solution
Using the formula v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M), we can rearrange to find T = (v_rms^2 * M) / (3R). Substituting v_rms = 500 m/s and M = 0.02 kg/mol gives T = 500 K.
Correct Answer: B — 500 K
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Q. A gas is compressed adiabatically. Which of the following statements is true? (2023)
A.
Temperature increases
B.
Pressure decreases
C.
Volume increases
D.
Internal energy decreases
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Solution
In an adiabatic compression, the temperature of the gas increases due to work done on it.
Correct Answer: A — Temperature increases
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Q. A gas is compressed isothermally from a volume of 4 L to 1 L at a constant temperature of 300 K. If the initial pressure is 1 atm, what is the final pressure?
A.
4 atm
B.
3 atm
C.
2 atm
D.
1 atm
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Solution
Using Boyle's Law, P1V1 = P2V2, we find P2 = P1 * (V1/V2) = 1 atm * (4 L / 1 L) = 4 atm.
Correct Answer: A — 4 atm
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Q. A government project costs $500 million and is expected to generate $600 million in revenue. What is the profit margin? (2023)
A.
20%
B.
25%
C.
30%
D.
15%
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Solution
Profit Margin = ((Revenue - Cost) / Revenue) * 100 = ((600 - 500) / 600) * 100 = 16.67%.
Correct Answer: B — 25%
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Q. A government scheme aims to provide ₹1,20,000 to 8 families. If the amount is distributed equally, how much will each family receive?
A.
₹10,000
B.
₹12,000
C.
₹15,000
D.
₹20,000
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Solution
Each family will receive ₹1,20,000 / 8 = ₹15,000.
Correct Answer: B — ₹12,000
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Q. A government scheme allocates ₹2,00,000 for 5 different initiatives. If one initiative receives ₹50,000, what fraction of the total budget does it represent?
A.
1/4
B.
1/5
C.
1/10
D.
1/20
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Solution
Fraction = ₹50,000 / ₹2,00,000 = 1/4.
Correct Answer: B — 1/5
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Q. A government scheme has a total budget of ₹5,00,000. If 10% is reserved for administrative costs, how much is reserved?
A.
₹25,000
B.
₹50,000
C.
₹75,000
D.
₹1,00,000
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Solution
Amount reserved for administrative costs = 10% of ₹5,00,000 = ₹50,000.
Correct Answer: B — ₹50,000
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Q. A group of friends consists of 12 people who play football, 8 who play basketball, and 5 who play both. How many play only football?
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Solution
To find the number of people who play only football, we subtract those who play both from those who play football: 12 - 5 = 7.
Correct Answer: A — 7
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Q. A group of friends consists of 12 who play football, 8 who play basketball, and 5 who play both. How many play only football?
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Solution
To find the number of friends who play only football, we subtract those who play both from those who play football: 12 - 5 = 7.
Correct Answer: C — 7
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Q. A group of friends consists of 5 who like football, 4 who like basketball, and 2 who like both. How many friends like only football?
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Solution
The number of friends who like only football is calculated as: Only Football = Total Football - Both = 5 - 2 = 3.
Correct Answer: A — 3
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Q. A group of friends consists of three pairs of siblings: A and B, C and D, E and F. If A is older than B, and C is younger than D, who is the youngest among them? (2023)
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Solution
B is the youngest as A is older than B and C is younger than D.
Correct Answer: B — B
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Q. A group of friends went out for dinner. If the average cost per person was $20 and there were 5 people, what was the total cost of the dinner? (2023)
A.
$80
B.
$100
C.
$120
D.
$140
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Solution
Total cost = Average cost per person × Number of people = 20 × 5 = $100.
Correct Answer: B — $100
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Q. A group of students can complete a project in 12 days. If 4 more students join, they can complete it in 8 days. How many students were initially in the group?
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Solution
Let the initial number of students be x. The work done is inversely proportional to the number of days. Setting up the equation gives x = 10.
Correct Answer: C — 10
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Q. A group of students has an average height of 150 cm. If one student leaves the group and the average height becomes 148 cm, what is the height of the student who left?
A.
152 cm
B.
154 cm
C.
156 cm
D.
158 cm
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Solution
Let the number of students be n. Total height = 150n. After one leaves, total height = 148(n - 1). Setting the equations gives 150n - 148(n - 1) = height of student.
Correct Answer: A — 152 cm
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Q. A group of students has an average score of 75. If one student with a score of 90 leaves, what will be the new average if the group size is 10?
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Solution
Total score = 75 * 10 = 750. New total = 750 - 90 = 660. New average = 660 / 9 = 73.33.
Correct Answer: B — 73
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Q. A group of students reported the number of hours they studied last week: 2, 3, 2, 4, 5, 2, 3. What is the mode?
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Solution
The mode is 2, as it appears four times in the data set.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. A group of students scored the following marks in a test: 45, 50, 50, 55, 60, 50, 70. What is the mode of the scores?
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Solution
The mode is 50, which appears 3 times in the scores.
Correct Answer: B — 50
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Q. A health scheme has a total budget of ₹3,00,000. If 25% is spent on awareness programs, how much is spent on these programs?
A.
₹50,000
B.
₹75,000
C.
₹1,00,000
D.
₹1,25,000
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Solution
Amount spent on awareness programs = 25% of ₹3,00,000 = 0.25 * 3,00,000 = ₹75,000.
Correct Answer: B — ₹75,000
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Q. A height is measured as 180 cm with an error of 1 cm. What is the upper limit of the measurement?
A.
181 cm
B.
179 cm
C.
180 cm
D.
182 cm
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Solution
Upper limit = Measured value + Error = 180 + 1 = 181 cm
Correct Answer: A — 181 cm
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Q. A helicopter ascends at a rate of 300 meters per minute. How high will it be after 10 minutes? (2021)
A.
2000 m
B.
2500 m
C.
3000 m
D.
3500 m
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Solution
Height = Rate × Time = 300 m/min × 10 min = 3000 m
Correct Answer: C — 3000 m
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Q. A helicopter can ascend at a rate of 300 meters per minute. How long will it take to reach a height of 1500 meters? (2021)
A.
3 minutes
B.
4 minutes
C.
5 minutes
D.
6 minutes
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Solution
Time = Height / Rate = 1500 m / 300 m/min = 5 minutes
Correct Answer: C — 5 minutes
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Q. A helicopter flies at a speed of 240 km/h. How far can it travel in 45 minutes? (2023)
A.
180 km
B.
120 km
C.
90 km
D.
60 km
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Solution
Distance = Speed * Time = 240 km/h * (45/60) h = 180 km.
Correct Answer: A — 180 km
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Q. A hemisphere has a radius of 3 cm. What is its volume?
A.
18π cm³
B.
27π cm³
C.
36π cm³
D.
9π cm³
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Solution
Volume of a hemisphere = (2/3)πr³ = (2/3)π(3)³ = (2/3)π(27) = 18π cm³.
Correct Answer: A — 18π cm³
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Q. A hollow cylinder with charge density λ is placed along the z-axis. What is the electric field at a point outside the cylinder?
A.
λ/(2πε₀r)
B.
λ/(4πε₀r²)
C.
Zero
D.
λ/(ε₀r)
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Solution
For a hollow cylinder, the electric field at a point outside is E = λ/(2πε₀r) using Gauss's law.
Correct Answer: A — λ/(2πε₀r)
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Q. A hollow sphere has a charge +Q distributed uniformly on its surface. What is the electric field at a point inside the sphere?
A.
Q/(4πε₀r²)
B.
0
C.
Q/(4πε₀R²)
D.
Q/(4πε₀R)
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Solution
The electric field inside a hollow charged sphere is zero due to symmetry.
Correct Answer: B — 0
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Q. A hollow sphere has a charge Q distributed uniformly over its surface. What is the electric field inside the sphere?
A.
Q/(4πε₀R²)
B.
0
C.
Q/(4πε₀)
D.
Q/(4πε₀R)
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Solution
Inside a hollow charged sphere, the electric field is zero due to symmetry.
Correct Answer: B — 0
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Q. A hollow sphere has a charge Q uniformly distributed on its surface. What is the electric field inside the sphere?
A.
Q/4πε₀R²
B.
0
C.
Q/ε₀
D.
Q/4πε₀
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Solution
The electric field inside a hollow charged sphere is zero due to symmetry.
Correct Answer: B — 0
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Q. A hollow sphere rolls down a slope of height h. What fraction of its potential energy is converted into translational kinetic energy at the bottom?
A.
1/3
B.
1/2
C.
2/3
D.
1
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Solution
For a hollow sphere, I = (2/3)mr^2. Using energy conservation, the translational kinetic energy is 2/3 of the potential energy at the top.
Correct Answer: C — 2/3
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