Q. How does the gravitational force between two objects change if both masses are doubled?
A.
It becomes four times stronger
B.
It becomes twice as strong
C.
It remains the same
D.
It becomes half as strong
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Solution
Doubling both masses results in a fourfold increase in gravitational force, as it is directly proportional to the product of the masses.
Correct Answer: A — It becomes four times stronger
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Q. How does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between them is halved?
A.
It doubles
B.
It quadruples
C.
It remains the same
D.
It halves
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Solution
According to Newton's law of gravitation, if the distance is halved, the force increases by a factor of 4 (F ∝ 1/r²).
Correct Answer: B — It quadruples
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Q. How does the gravitational force between two objects change if the mass of one object is tripled?
A.
It triples
B.
It doubles
C.
It remains the same
D.
It increases by a factor of nine
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Solution
Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses. Tripling one mass triples the force.
Correct Answer: A — It triples
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Q. How does the gravitational force between two objects change if the mass of one object is halved?
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses. Halving one mass halves the force.
Correct Answer: B — It halves
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Q. How does the gravitational potential change as you move away from a planet?
A.
It increases.
B.
It decreases.
C.
It remains constant.
D.
It oscillates.
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Solution
The gravitational potential decreases as you move away from a planet.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases.
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Q. How does the gravitational potential energy of a system of two masses change as they move closer together?
A.
It increases.
B.
It decreases.
C.
It remains constant.
D.
It becomes zero.
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Solution
The gravitational potential energy decreases as the two masses move closer together.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases.
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Q. How does the gravitational potential energy of an object change when it is lifted to a height 'h' above the ground?
A.
It decreases.
B.
It increases.
C.
It remains the same.
D.
It becomes zero.
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Solution
The gravitational potential energy increases as the object is lifted to a height 'h' above the ground.
Correct Answer: B — It increases.
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Q. How does the presence of a +M group affect the stability of a carbocation?
A.
Increases stability
B.
Decreases stability
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the solvent
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Solution
A +M group increases the stability of a carbocation by donating electron density through resonance.
Correct Answer: A — Increases stability
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Q. How does the presence of a -I group affect the stability of a carbocation?
A.
Increases stability
B.
Decreases stability
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the size of the group
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Solution
A -I group decreases the stability of a carbocation by withdrawing electron density.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases stability
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Q. How does the presence of constraints affect the potential energy of a system? (2022)
A.
It increases potential energy
B.
It decreases potential energy
C.
It has no effect
D.
It converts potential energy to kinetic energy
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Solution
Constraints can limit the configurations of a system, often leading to a decrease in potential energy.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases potential energy
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Q. How important is the conclusion in an essay for the UPSC Mains examination?
A.
It is the least important part.
B.
It summarizes the main points only.
C.
It should introduce new ideas.
D.
It reinforces the thesis and leaves a lasting impression.
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Solution
The conclusion is crucial as it reinforces the main arguments and provides a final perspective, leaving a lasting impression on the examiner.
Correct Answer: D — It reinforces the thesis and leaves a lasting impression.
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Q. How many atoms are in 2 moles of oxygen gas (O2)?
A.
6.022 x 10^23
B.
1.2044 x 10^24
C.
3.011 x 10^23
D.
12.044 x 10^23
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Solution
Each O2 molecule has 2 oxygen atoms. Number of atoms = moles x Avogadro's number x 2 = 2 moles x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mole x 2 = 1.2044 x 10^24 atoms.
Correct Answer: B — 1.2044 x 10^24
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Q. How many centimeters are there in a meter?
A.
10
B.
100
C.
1000
D.
10000
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Solution
There are 100 centimeters in a meter.
Correct Answer: B — 100
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Q. How many degrees of longitude correspond to a time difference of 4 hours? (2022)
A.
60 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
30 degrees
D.
15 degrees
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Solution
A time difference of 4 hours corresponds to 4 * 15 = 60 degrees of longitude.
Correct Answer: A — 60 degrees
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Q. How many different 4-digit PINs can be formed using the digits 0-9 if digits cannot be repeated?
A.
5040
B.
10000
C.
9000
D.
7200
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Solution
The first digit can be any of 10 digits, the second can be any of 9, the third can be any of 8, and the fourth can be any of 7. Total = 10 * 9 * 8 * 7 = 5040.
Correct Answer: A — 5040
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Q. How many different 4-digit PINs can be formed using the digits 0-9 if repetition is allowed? (2020)
A.
10000
B.
1000
C.
100
D.
1000
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Solution
Each digit can be any of the 10 digits (0-9), so the total number of PINs is 10^4 = 10000.
Correct Answer: A — 10000
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Q. How many different 4-digit PINs can be formed using the digits 0-9 without repetition?
A.
5040
B.
9000
C.
10000
D.
1000
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Solution
The number of 4-digit PINs is P(10, 4) = 5040.
Correct Answer: A — 5040
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Q. How many different ways can 2 out of 5 different fruits be chosen?
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Solution
The number of ways to choose 2 from 5 is C(5, 2) = 10.
Correct Answer: A — 10
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Q. How many different ways can 3 boys and 2 girls be seated in a row?
A.
30
B.
60
C.
120
D.
180
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Solution
The number of ways to arrange 5 people is 5! = 120.
Correct Answer: C — 120
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Q. How many different ways can 3 red, 2 blue, and 1 green balls be arranged in a line?
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Solution
The total arrangements = 6! / (3! * 2! * 1!) = 60.
Correct Answer: B — 120
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Q. How many different ways can 4 different colored balls be arranged in a row? (2020)
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Solution
The number of arrangements of 4 different colored balls is 4! = 24.
Correct Answer: B — 24
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Q. How many different ways can 4 people be seated at a round table?
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Solution
The number of arrangements of n people at a round table is (n-1)!. For 4 people, it is 3! = 6.
Correct Answer: B — 12
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Q. How many different ways can 4 prizes be distributed among 10 students? (2020)
A.
5040
B.
10000
C.
2100
D.
120
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Solution
The number of ways to distribute 4 prizes among 10 students is 10P4 = 10! / (10-4)! = 5040.
Correct Answer: A — 5040
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Q. How many different ways can 4 students be selected from a group of 10?
A.
210
B.
120
C.
100
D.
90
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Solution
The number of ways to choose 4 from 10 is given by 10C4 = 210.
Correct Answer: A — 210
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Q. How many different ways can 6 people be seated at a round table?
A.
720
B.
120
C.
600
D.
480
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Solution
The number of arrangements of 6 people at a round table is (6-1)! = 5! = 120.
Correct Answer: A — 720
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Q. How many different ways can 6 people be seated in a row? (2020)
A.
720
B.
600
C.
360
D.
480
Show solution
Solution
The number of arrangements of 6 people is 6! = 720.
Correct Answer: A — 720
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Q. How many different ways can the letters of the word 'BOOK' be arranged? (2014)
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Solution
The number of arrangements of the letters in 'BOOK' is 4! / 2! = 12.
Correct Answer: B — 24
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Q. How many different ways can the letters of the word 'MATH' be arranged?
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Solution
The number of arrangements of the letters in 'MATH' is 4! = 24.
Correct Answer: B — 24
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Q. How many elements are in the power set of the empty set?
A.
0
B.
1
C.
2
D.
Infinite
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Solution
The power set of the empty set contains only one subset, which is the empty set itself. Thus, it has 1 element.
Correct Answer: B — 1
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Q. How many grams are in 0.25 moles of glucose (C6H12O6)?
A.
30 g
B.
45 g
C.
75 g
D.
90 g
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Solution
Molar mass of C6H12O6 = 6*12 + 12*1 + 6*16 = 180 g/mol. Mass = 0.25 moles x 180 g/mol = 45 g.
Correct Answer: D — 90 g
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